#1
What is decision making?
A process of selecting the best alternative among various available alternatives.
ExplanationDecision making involves choosing the optimal option among several possibilities.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a step in the decision-making process?
Implementing all alternatives simultaneously
ExplanationImplementing all alternatives simultaneously is not part of the decision-making process.
#3
What is a heuristic in decision making?
A rule of thumb or mental shortcut that simplifies decision making
ExplanationHeuristics are mental shortcuts that aid in simplifying decision making.
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic of effective decision making?
Considering both short-term and long-term consequences
ExplanationEffective decision making involves considering both immediate and future outcomes.
#5
What is the difference between programmed and non-programmed decisions?
Programmed decisions are routine and repetitive, while non-programmed decisions are unique and non-recurring.
ExplanationProgrammed decisions are repetitive and follow established procedures, while non-programmed decisions are unique and require novel solutions.
#6
What is the 'satisficing' approach in decision making?
Selecting the first alternative that meets the minimum criteria
ExplanationThe 'satisficing' approach entails choosing the first option that meets acceptable standards.
#7
What is the role of ethics in decision making?
Ethics help ensure that decisions are fair and just.
ExplanationEthics guide decision making towards fairness and justice.
#8
What is the difference between rational and intuitive decision making?
Rational decision making is systematic and analytical, while intuitive decision making is based on feelings and hunches.
ExplanationRational decision making relies on logic and analysis, whereas intuitive decision making stems from feelings and instincts.
#9
What is the role of emotions in decision making?
Emotions can cloud judgment and lead to irrational decisions
ExplanationEmotions may hinder clear judgment and result in irrational decisions.
#10
What is groupthink and how does it affect decision making?
Groupthink is the tendency of group members to conform to a decision without critically evaluating it, leading to poor decisions.
ExplanationGroupthink occurs when group members conform to a decision without thorough analysis, often resulting in suboptimal outcomes.
#11
What is the difference between a decision-making model and a decision support system?
A decision-making model is a theoretical concept, while a decision support system is a practical tool.
ExplanationDecision-making models are theoretical frameworks, while decision support systems are practical tools aiding decision making.
#12
What is escalation of commitment in decision making?
A tendency to continue investing in a failing course of action
ExplanationEscalation of commitment is persisting with a failing decision despite negative outcomes.