#1
Which of the following best defines consumer behavior?
The study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy their needs and wants
ExplanationUnderstanding how individuals or groups choose, use, and dispose of products to satisfy their needs.
#2
What is the primary goal of understanding consumer behavior in marketing?
To understand how and why consumers make purchasing decisions
ExplanationTo comprehend the rationale behind consumer purchasing choices.
#3
What is the term for a group to which an individual relates or aspires to belong?
Reference group
ExplanationA group influencing an individual's beliefs or behavior.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Experiential needs
ExplanationExperiential needs are not part of Maslow's hierarchy.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a type of consumer buying decision?
B2B decision
ExplanationB2B decisions involve businesses, not consumers.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing consumer behavior?
Political factors
ExplanationPolitical factors are not direct influencers of consumer behavior.
#7
What is the term for the process of consumers recognizing their needs and wants, then searching for information about products or services that might satisfy them?
Problem recognition
ExplanationIdentifying needs and seeking information to fulfill them.
#8
Which theory suggests that individuals strive for consistency between their attitudes and their behaviors?
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
ExplanationThe discomfort from conflicting attitudes and behaviors.
#9
Which type of consumer decision-making involves high involvement but significant differences between brands?
Extended decision-making
ExplanationDeliberate decision-making with significant brand differences.
#10
What is the term for a marketing strategy where a company offers a low-priced product to attract consumers, with the intention of upselling higher-priced items later?
Loss leader
ExplanationOffering low-priced products to attract customers.
#11
In the consumer decision-making process, what comes immediately after the evaluation of alternatives?
Purchase decision
ExplanationThe choice to buy after considering different options.
#12
What is the term for a tendency for consumers to base their judgments on information that is readily available?
Availability heuristic
ExplanationRelying on easily accessible information for judgments.
#13
What is the term for the process of identifying and assessing information sources used by consumers during their decision-making process?
Information processing
ExplanationEvaluating sources used in decision-making.
#14
In the context of consumer decision-making, what is the term for a tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationTaking credit for positive outcomes and blaming external factors for negatives.
#15
According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, which route to persuasion involves a deep consideration of information and relies on cognitive elaboration?
Central route
ExplanationPersuasion through thoughtful consideration.