#1
Who is often referred to as the 'father of cognitive psychology'?
Ulric Neisser
ExplanationUlric Neisser is considered the 'father of cognitive psychology' for his influential work in the development of cognitive psychology as a distinct field.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a foundational figure in cognitive psychology?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura is not a foundational figure in cognitive psychology; his contributions are more aligned with social learning theory.
#3
Who proposed the influential theory of multiple intelligences?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationHoward Gardner proposed the influential theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that intelligence is not a unitary trait but consists of various distinct forms.
#4
Which researcher is associated with the concept of 'schemas' in cognitive psychology?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationJean Piaget is associated with the concept of 'schemas,' which are cognitive frameworks that organize and interpret information.
#5
What is the name of the cognitive bias where people tend to overestimate the likelihood of rare events?
Availability heuristic
ExplanationThe availability heuristic is a cognitive bias where people tend to overestimate the likelihood of rare events based on their availability in memory.
#6
Who developed the concept of 'working memory' as a model of short-term memory?
Alan Baddeley
ExplanationAlan Baddeley developed the concept of 'working memory' as a model of short-term memory, emphasizing the active processing of information.
#7
Who coined the term 'cognitive psychology' in 1967?
Ulric Neisser
ExplanationUlric Neisser coined the term 'cognitive psychology' in 1967, highlighting the focus on mental processes in psychology.
#8
Which cognitive psychologist proposed the 'levels of processing' framework for memory?
Fergus I. M. Craik
ExplanationFergus I. M. Craik proposed the 'levels of processing' framework for memory, emphasizing the depth of processing as a key factor in memory retention.
#9
Who proposed the influential stages of cognitive development, including the sensorimotor and formal operational stages?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationJean Piaget proposed the influential stages of cognitive development, including the sensorimotor and formal operational stages, in his theory of cognitive development.
#10
Which term refers to the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and one's failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationSelf-serving bias is the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and failures to external factors to protect self-esteem.
#11
Who introduced the concept of 'artificial intelligence'?
John McCarthy
ExplanationJohn McCarthy is credited with introducing the concept of 'artificial intelligence' and coining the term.
#12
Which researcher proposed the 'triarchic theory of intelligence' consisting of analytical, creative, and practical intelligence?
Robert Sternberg
ExplanationRobert Sternberg proposed the 'triarchic theory of intelligence,' which includes analytical, creative, and practical intelligence as distinct forms of intelligence.
#13
Who is known for the 'dual-process theory' of decision-making, distinguishing between intuitive and deliberate thinking processes?
Daniel Kahneman
ExplanationDaniel Kahneman is known for the 'dual-process theory' of decision-making, which distinguishes between intuitive and deliberate thinking processes.
#14
Which cognitive psychologist is famous for the study of 'chunking' in memory?
George A. Miller
ExplanationGeorge A. Miller is famous for the study of 'chunking' in memory, where information is grouped into meaningful units to improve memory performance.