#1
Who is considered the father of cognitive psychology?
Ulric Neisser
ExplanationPioneered cognitive psychology as a field of study.
#2
What is the primary function of working memory?
To maintain and manipulate information temporarily
ExplanationHolds and processes information for short-term tasks.
#3
Who developed the concept of the 'cognitive revolution' in psychology?
Noam Chomsky
ExplanationContributed to the shift towards cognitive approaches.
#4
Who introduced the concept of 'mental set' in problem-solving?
Edward Thorndike
ExplanationExplored rigid problem-solving approaches.
#5
Which cognitive bias refers to the tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered?
Anchoring bias
ExplanationOvervaluing initial data when making decisions.
#6
Which term refers to the mental process of organizing information into meaningful units?
Chunking
ExplanationGrouping information to enhance memory and understanding.
#7
Who developed the concept of 'levels of processing'?
Craik and Lockhart
ExplanationIntroduced the idea that memory depends on depth of processing.
#8
Which term describes the tendency to recall the first items in a list more easily than those in the middle or end?
Primacy effect
ExplanationRecalling initial items due to stronger encoding.
#9
Who proposed the concept of 'schemas' in cognitive psychology?
Piaget
ExplanationDescribed mental frameworks for organizing information.
#10
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?
Projection
ExplanationImposing personal feelings onto others.
#11
Who proposed the concept of 'cognitive dissonance'?
Leon Festinger
ExplanationStudied the discomfort of conflicting beliefs.
#12
Which theory suggests that intelligence is composed of analytical, practical, and creative abilities?
Sternberg's Triarchic Theory
ExplanationDefines intelligence as multifaceted, including practical skills.
#13
What does the term 'confirmation bias' refer to in cognitive psychology?
Tendency to favor information that confirms preconceptions
ExplanationPreferring information aligning with existing beliefs.
#14
What is the term for the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions and the emotions of others?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationCapacity to manage and perceive emotions effectively.
#15
Which phenomenon refers to a sudden realization or solution to a problem that comes in a flash of insight?
Aha! moment
ExplanationEureka-like moment of problem-solving clarity.
#16
According to Sternberg's Triarchic Theory, what are the three components of intelligence?
Analytical, practical, and creative
ExplanationComprises analytical, practical, and creative aspects.
#17
Which term refers to the process of reorganizing elements of a problem to find a solution?
Problem restructuring
ExplanationAdapting problem elements to reach a resolution.