#1
Which cognitive process involves the ability to focus on relevant information while ignoring irrelevant information?
Selective attention
ExplanationSelective attention allows focusing on relevant information while ignoring irrelevant stimuli.
#2
Which of the following is a strategy to enhance working memory performance?
Avoiding multitasking
ExplanationAvoiding multitasking can enhance working memory performance.
#3
What is the capacity limit of working memory, according to George A. Miller's famous paper?
5-7 items
ExplanationMiller proposed that working memory can hold about 5-7 items.
#4
Which component of working memory is responsible for temporarily holding visual and spatial information?
Visuospatial sketchpad
ExplanationThe visuospatial sketchpad temporarily stores visual and spatial information.
#5
What is the term for the phenomenon where the last items in a list are more easily remembered in working memory?
Recency effect
ExplanationThe recency effect refers to the tendency to remember the last items in a list more easily.
#6
What is the primary role of the phonological loop in working memory?
Maintaining auditory information
ExplanationThe phonological loop primarily maintains auditory information.
#7
In the context of working memory, what does the term 'dual-task paradigm' refer to?
Performing two tasks simultaneously to assess cognitive load
ExplanationThe dual-task paradigm involves performing two tasks simultaneously to evaluate cognitive load.
#8
In Baddeley's model of working memory, what is the function of the central executive?
Coordinating and controlling the slave systems
ExplanationThe central executive in Baddeley's model coordinates and controls the subsystems of working memory.
#9
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, what is the primary function of working memory in the information processing system?
To maintain information for ongoing cognitive tasks
ExplanationWorking memory's primary role in the Atkinson-Shiffrin model is to hold information temporarily for ongoing cognitive processing.
#10
Which neurotransmitter plays a crucial role in the modulation of working memory?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is crucial for modulating working memory processes.
#11
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the subsystems in Baddeley's model of working memory?
Semantic processor
ExplanationThe semantic processor is not part of Baddeley's model of working memory.
#12
Which theorist is associated with the concept of working memory and its role in information processing?
Alan Baddeley
ExplanationAlan Baddeley is associated with the concept of working memory and its role in information processing.