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Cognitive Processes in Perception and Decision Making Quiz

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Which of the following is an example of bottom-up processing in perception?

Assembling a puzzle without looking at the picture

Explanation

Constructing perception from individual sensory inputs.

Which term describes the tendency to perceive a complete figure even when there are gaps in what we sense?

Closure

Explanation

Mental tendency to complete incomplete figures.

What is the term for the mental activity that occurs when a person processes information and integrates it into existing knowledge?

Cognition

Explanation

Mental process of acquiring and understanding knowledge.

Which cognitive process involves the interpretation of sensory information to give it meaning and significance?

Perception

Explanation

Interpreting sensory input to understand the environment.

Which cognitive process involves selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other stimuli?

Attention

Explanation

Focusing mental resources on specific stimuli.

What is the term for a cognitive shortcut that allows people to make judgments quickly?

Heuristic

Explanation

Mental shortcut for decision-making efficiency.

In decision making, what is the framing effect?

The tendency to prefer options that are presented with positive rather than negative framing

Explanation

Decision bias based on how options are presented.

What is the term for the tendency to perceive and attend to information that confirms our preexisting beliefs while ignoring or dismissing contradictory evidence?

Confirmation bias

Explanation

Tendency to favor information that aligns with existing beliefs.

Which theory of decision-making suggests that individuals weigh the potential outcomes of a decision by assessing the value of each outcome and the probability of it occurring?

Expected utility theory

Explanation

Decision-making based on outcome value and likelihood.

#10

Which of the following is an example of a perceptual set?

Seeing a cloud that looks like a rabbit

Explanation

Interpreting stimuli based on past experiences.

#11

What is the term for the tendency to rely on initial information to make judgments or decisions?

Anchoring bias

Explanation

Decision bias influenced by initial information.

#12

Which of the following is NOT a step in the decision-making process?

Reinforcement learning

Explanation

Not a standard component of decision-making.

#13

What is the term for the tendency to make decisions based on the probability of an event occurring in the near future being influenced by recent occurrences of the event?

Recency bias

Explanation

Decision bias based on recent events.

#14

Which term refers to the cognitive bias where people overestimate their ability to control events, especially when they feel a sense of familiarity or control?

Illusion of control

Explanation

Overestimating influence on outcomes, often due to familiarity.

Cognitive Processes in Perception and Decision Making Quiz

Which of the following is an example of bottom-up processing in perception?

Which term describes the tendency to perceive a complete figure even when there are gaps in what we sense?

What is the term for the mental activity that occurs when a person processes information and integrates it into existing knowledge?

Which cognitive process involves the interpretation of sensory information to give it meaning and significance?

Which cognitive process involves selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other stimuli?

What is the term for a cognitive shortcut that allows people to make judgments quickly?

In decision making, what is the framing effect?

What is the term for the tendency to perceive and attend to information that confirms our preexisting beliefs while ignoring or dismissing contradictory evidence?

Which theory of decision-making suggests that individuals weigh the potential outcomes of a decision by assessing the value of each outcome and the probability of it occurring?

Which of the following is an example of a perceptual set?

What is the term for the tendency to rely on initial information to make judgments or decisions?

Which of the following is NOT a step in the decision-making process?

What is the term for the tendency to make decisions based on the probability of an event occurring in the near future being influenced by recent occurrences of the event?

Which term refers to the cognitive bias where people overestimate their ability to control events, especially when they feel a sense of familiarity or control?

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