#1
What is the primary function of working memory?
To process and manipulate information temporarily
ExplanationWorking memory functions to temporarily process and manipulate information.
#2
Which problem-solving technique involves breaking down a complex problem into smaller, more manageable parts?
Divide and conquer
ExplanationDivide and conquer is a problem-solving technique involving breaking down complex problems into smaller, more manageable parts.
#3
What is a common obstacle to problem-solving known as the tendency to rely on previously encountered solutions?
Mental set
ExplanationMental set refers to the tendency to rely on previously encountered solutions, hindering problem-solving.
#4
What is the term for the cognitive bias that leads people to place undue importance on information that confirms their beliefs?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationConfirmation bias is the cognitive bias that leads people to place undue importance on information confirming their beliefs.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a step in the problem-solving strategy known as 'means-end analysis'?
Generating possible solutions
ExplanationGenerating possible solutions is NOT a step in the problem-solving strategy of means-end analysis.
#6
Which of the following best describes a heuristic?
A mental shortcut or rule of thumb that may or may not lead to a solution
ExplanationA heuristic is a mental shortcut or rule of thumb that may or may not lead to a solution.
#7
In the context of problem-solving, what is divergent thinking?
The ability to think creatively and generate multiple solutions
ExplanationDivergent thinking is the ability to think creatively and generate multiple solutions in problem-solving.
#8
Which of the following is an example of convergent thinking?
Narrowing down options to find the best solution
ExplanationConvergent thinking involves narrowing down options to find the best solution in problem-solving.
#9
What is the term for the cognitive bias where people rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive?
Anchoring bias
ExplanationAnchoring bias is the cognitive bias where people rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive.
#10
What is the term for the cognitive bias where people judge the likelihood of an event based on how easily they can recall similar instances?
Availability heuristic
ExplanationAvailability heuristic is the cognitive bias where people judge likelihood based on how easily they recall similar instances.