#1
Which of the following is a primary stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Preoperational
ExplanationThe stage where children begin to represent the world with words, images, and drawings but lack logical reasoning.
#2
What is the concept of object permanence in cognitive development?
The ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight
ExplanationThe realization that objects have a continued existence even when not directly perceived.
#3
According to Piaget, in the sensorimotor stage, what is the key developmental achievement?
Object permanence
ExplanationThe realization that objects exist independently of one's own actions and continue to exist even when not observed.
#4
What is the term for the mental process of rearranging and transforming information?
Cognitive restructuring
ExplanationThe process of reorganizing one's thoughts, beliefs, or perceptions to adapt to new information or experiences.
#5
According to the information processing model, what is the role of attention in cognitive functioning?
It filters and selects information for further processing
ExplanationAttention serves as a mechanism for prioritizing and directing cognitive resources towards relevant stimuli for processing.
#6
In the conservation task, what aspect of cognitive development is being assessed?
Understanding quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance
ExplanationThe ability to comprehend that certain properties of objects remain constant even as their outward appearance changes.
#7
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
The range of tasks a child can perform with the help of a more knowledgeable person
ExplanationThe area where a child can successfully complete tasks with guidance, showcasing their potential for learning and development.
#8
What is the concept of seriation in cognitive development?
The ability to order items along a quantitative dimension
ExplanationThe skill of arranging objects or concepts in a logical order based on certain criteria, such as size or quantity.
#9
Which of the following is a key aspect of formal operational thought in Piaget's theory?
Abstract reasoning
ExplanationThe ability to think abstractly and reason logically about hypothetical situations.
#10
What does the term 'scaffolding' refer to in Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development?
The temporary support provided by a knowledgeable person to help a learner achieve a task
ExplanationThe assistance and guidance provided by a more skilled individual to support a learner's development and learning.
#11
What is deductive reasoning?
Reasoning from general principles to reach a specific conclusion
ExplanationThe process of deriving specific conclusions from general principles or premises.
#12
Which cognitive skill involves the ability to inhibit one's own responses?
Executive function
ExplanationThe set of mental processes responsible for managing and controlling one's thoughts, actions, and emotions.
#13
What is the main focus of information processing theory in cognitive development?
The step-by-step process of cognitive development and problem-solving
ExplanationThe examination of how individuals acquire, process, store, and retrieve information to solve problems and make decisions.
#14
What is the term for the ability to understand and control one's emotions, thoughts, and behaviors?
Executive function
ExplanationThe cognitive processes involved in managing and regulating one's emotions, thoughts, and actions to achieve goals.
#15
In the context of cognitive development, what is the concept of 'theory of mind'?
The ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others
ExplanationThe understanding that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspectives different from one's own.