#1
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which stage occurs during infancy?
Sensorimotor
ExplanationInfants explore the world through their senses and motor actions, developing object permanence.
#2
What is the approximate age range for the 'terrible twos' phase in child development?
2-3 years old
ExplanationCharacterized by toddlers asserting independence and experiencing temper tantrums.
#3
Which of the following is a milestone typically achieved during the sensorimotor stage of Piaget's theory?
Object permanence
ExplanationObject permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when not seen.
#4
What is the term for a sudden understanding of how to solve a problem that occurs after a period of thought without a solution?
Insight
ExplanationInsight involves a sudden realization or understanding of a problem's solution.
#5
Who proposed the psychosocial theory of development, emphasizing the importance of social relationships in shaping personality?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErikson's theory focuses on the social and emotional aspects of development across the lifespan.
#6
Which milestone typically occurs last in motor development?
Walking
ExplanationWalking is a major motor milestone, typically achieved after mastering other gross motor skills.
#7
Who developed the theory of attachment, which emphasizes the importance of early relationships with caregivers?
John Bowlby
ExplanationAttachment theory highlights the significance of secure emotional bonds for healthy development.
#8
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Erikson's psychosocial theory of development?
Stagnation vs. Generativity
ExplanationThis stage belongs to Erikson's adulthood theory, not his psychosocial theory of development.
#9
At what age does language development typically begin to accelerate rapidly?
12-18 months
ExplanationThis period marks a significant increase in vocabulary acquisition and language comprehension.
#10
What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of others?
Empathy
ExplanationEmpathy is crucial for forming social connections and responding to others' emotions.
#11
Which theorist is associated with the concept of the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationVygotsky's theory emphasizes the importance of social interaction and cultural context in learning.
#12
According to the ecological systems theory, which system encompasses the child's immediate environment like family and peers?
Microsystem
ExplanationThe microsystem includes the child's immediate surroundings and interactions.
#13
At what age does the sense of self-recognition usually emerge, as demonstrated by the 'mirror test'?
12-18 months
ExplanationAround this age, children start to recognize themselves as separate individuals.
#14
Who introduced the concept of the 'critical period' for language acquisition?
Noam Chomsky
ExplanationChomsky proposed that there is a limited window of time for language acquisition to occur effortlessly.