#1
What is the primary socialization agent for infants and young children?
Family
ExplanationFamily plays the most significant role in shaping a child's early socialization.
#2
At what age does the concept of object permanence typically develop in infants?
12 months
ExplanationObject permanence usually develops around the age of 12 months, marking a significant cognitive milestone.
#3
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationAttachment refers to the emotional bond that develops between an infant and their primary caregiver.
#4
Which parenting style is characterized by high demandingness and low responsiveness?
Authoritarian
ExplanationAuthoritarian parenting style is characterized by high demandingness and low responsiveness to a child's needs.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Symbolic operational
ExplanationSymbolic operational is not a recognized stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
#6
What is the term for the period of rapid physical and cognitive development that occurs during adolescence?
Puberty
ExplanationPuberty refers to the phase of significant physical and cognitive changes that typically occur during adolescence.
#7
What is the term for the process by which individuals learn and internalize the norms and values of their society?
Socialization
ExplanationSocialization is the process through which individuals acquire and internalize the norms and values of their society.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences socialization?
Biological predisposition
ExplanationBiological predisposition does not typically influence socialization, unlike other factors such as family, peers, and culture.
#9
Who proposed the social learning theory, which emphasizes the role of observation and imitation in learning?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura is known for proposing the social learning theory, highlighting the significance of observation and imitation in learning.
#10
Which theorist is associated with the concept of the 'zone of proximal development'?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky is known for introducing the concept of the 'zone of proximal development' in cognitive development theory.
#11
According to attachment theory, what type of attachment style is characterized by being emotionally distant and avoiding intimacy?
Avoidant attachment
ExplanationAvoidant attachment style is characterized by emotional distance and avoidance of intimacy, according to attachment theory.
#12
What is the term for a period of internal conflict and exploration of identity during adolescence?
Identity moratorium
ExplanationIdentity moratorium refers to a phase in adolescence marked by internal conflict and exploration of identity.
#13
According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what is the primary task of adolescence?
Identity vs. role confusion
ExplanationThe primary task of adolescence, according to Erik Erikson, is resolving the conflict between identity and role confusion.
#14
According to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, what stage is characterized by adherence to societal rules and laws?
Conventional morality
ExplanationConventional morality, according to Lawrence Kohlberg, is characterized by adherence to societal rules and laws.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Independence vs. dependence
ExplanationIndependence vs. dependence is not one of the stages in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.