#1
Which of the following is an example of a fine motor skill?
Using a pencil to write
ExplanationFine motor skills involve precise movements, like writing.
#2
What is the term for the reflex where a newborn will turn its head toward a touch on its cheek and open its mouth?
Rooting reflex
ExplanationRooting reflex involves turning towards touch on the cheek, initiating feeding.
#3
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Integrity vs. despair
ExplanationIntegrity vs. despair is not a stage in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a gross motor skill?
Catching a ball
ExplanationGross motor skills involve large muscle movements, like catching a ball.
#5
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Attachment
ExplanationAttachment is the emotional connection between infant and caregiver.
#6
Which theorist is associated with the concept of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson introduced the concept of psychosocial development.
#7
How does attachment theory suggest infants form bonds with caregivers?
Through biological predisposition
ExplanationAttachment theory posits that infants have a biological tendency to form bonds.
#8
Which environmental factor has been linked to cognitive development in children?
Parenting style
ExplanationParenting style impacts cognitive development in children.
#9
What is the term for the stage of language development during which a child begins to produce two-word phrases?
Telegraphic speech
ExplanationTelegraphic speech is the stage where two-word phrases emerge.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences prenatal development?
Parenting style
ExplanationParenting style does not directly influence prenatal development.
#11
According to the ecological systems theory, which system encompasses the child's immediate environment, including family and school?
Microsystem
ExplanationMicrosystem includes immediate environments affecting a child's development.
#12
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what is characteristic of the concrete operational stage?
Conservation skills
ExplanationConcrete operational stage involves mastering conservation tasks.
#13
What is the term for the process by which unused connections in the brain atrophy and die?
Synaptic pruning
ExplanationSynaptic pruning involves the elimination of unused neural connections.
#14
According to Lev Vygotsky, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
The difference between what a learner can do without help and what they can do with help
ExplanationZPD is the gap between independent learning and learning with assistance.
#15
What is the term for the process by which experiences shape the structure and function of the brain?
Neuroplasticity
ExplanationNeuroplasticity is the brain's ability to reorganize due to experiences.