#1
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
Selective permeability
ExplanationRegulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell
#2
Which of the following is a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?
Involves transport proteins
ExplanationUses protein channels or carriers to move molecules across the membrane
#3
In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
ExplanationSynthesis phase where DNA is copied
#4
Which type of cellular transport is responsible for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
Osmosis
ExplanationDiffusion of water molecules across a membrane
#5
What is the primary function of aquaporins in cellular transport?
Facilitate the movement of water
ExplanationSpecialized channels for water transport across membranes
#6
Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP?
Mitochondrion
ExplanationGenerates energy through cellular respiration
#7
In which cellular transport process do cells engulf large particles by wrapping the cell membrane around them?
Endocytosis
ExplanationBrings materials into the cell through vesicles
#8
What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump in cellular transport?
Facilitating active transport
ExplanationMoves ions across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient
#9
Which type of cell junction allows the direct passage of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells?
Gap junctions
ExplanationForms channels for intercellular communication
#10
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
Lipid synthesis and detoxification
ExplanationProduces lipids and detoxifies harmful substances
#11
What is the primary purpose of signal transduction in cell communication?
Amplifying and transmitting signals
ExplanationEnhances and relays messages within the cell
#12
Which of the following is an example of paracrine signaling?
Local signaling within tissues
ExplanationCommunication between nearby cells
#13
What is the role of second messengers in cell signaling pathways?
Amplify and transmit signals
ExplanationCarry signals from the cell surface to the target molecules
#14
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in cellular transport?
Modification and packaging of proteins
ExplanationProcesses and packages proteins for secretion
#15
Which type of cell signaling involves the release of signaling molecules into the bloodstream to reach distant target cells?
Endocrine signaling
ExplanationCommunication through hormones circulating in the bloodstream