#1
What is the correct order of the stages in the cell cycle?
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
ExplanationStages from cell growth to cell division.
#2
Which of the following is not a stage of mitosis?
S Phase
ExplanationNot a phase; it's part of interphase.
#3
What is the term for the phase of the cell cycle where cells permanently exit the cell cycle and stop dividing?
G0 phase
ExplanationQuiescent phase of cell cycle.
#4
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during DNA replication?
Helicase
ExplanationUnwinds DNA strands for replication.
#5
Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by the replication of DNA?
S phase
ExplanationSynthesis phase of DNA replication.
#6
What is the significance of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?
Cell growth and normal metabolic roles
ExplanationPhase for cell growth and preparation.
#7
What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?
To regulate the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases
ExplanationRegulating proteins for cell cycle checkpoints.
#8
What is the purpose of meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms?
To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes
ExplanationGeneration of haploid cells for sexual reproduction.
#9
Which of the following is characteristic of metaphase I in meiosis?
Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate in pairs
ExplanationHomologous chromosomes align at the center.
#10
What is the function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?
To synthesize a new DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction
ExplanationAdds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.
#11
Which statement about telomeres is true?
They prevent the ends of chromosomes from deteriorating or fusing with neighboring chromosomes
ExplanationProtective caps at chromosome ends.
#12
Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly aligned before entering anaphase?
Spindle checkpoint
ExplanationEnsures accurate chromosome segregation.
#13
What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?
It increases genetic variation among offspring
ExplanationEnhances genetic diversity through recombination.
#14
Which of the following is a result of nondisjunction during meiosis?
Formation of gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes
ExplanationLeads to chromosomal abnormalities in gametes.
#15
What is the significance of proofreading by DNA polymerase during DNA replication?
To ensure accurate copying of the DNA sequence
ExplanationMaintains fidelity of DNA replication.
#16
Which of the following is a characteristic of the lagging strand during DNA replication?
It is synthesized discontinuously in short Okazaki fragments
ExplanationSynthesized in fragments due to anti-parallel nature.
#17
Which of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Chromosomes decondense and nuclear envelope reforms
ExplanationNucleus reforms around separated chromosomes.