#1
Which of the following is not a component of the cardiovascular system?
Kidneys
ExplanationKidneys are part of the renal system, not the cardiovascular system.
#2
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body?
Left ventricle
ExplanationThe left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body via the systemic circulation.
#3
Which of the following is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
Transportation
ExplanationThe cardiovascular system transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.
#4
Which of the following is a condition characterized by irregular heartbeats?
Arrhythmia
ExplanationArrhythmia refers to irregular heart rhythms.
#5
Which blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?
Arteries
ExplanationArteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
#6
What is the medical term for the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries?
Atherosclerosis
ExplanationAtherosclerosis is the accumulation of plaque in arteries.
#7
Which of the following is responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary vein
ExplanationThe pulmonary vein carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
#8
Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
High blood pressure
ExplanationHigh blood pressure increases the workload of the heart and damages the arteries.
#9
What condition is characterized by a buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to restricted blood flow?
Atherosclerosis
ExplanationAtherosclerosis is the narrowing of arteries due to plaque buildup.
#10
What is the medical term for a heart attack?
Myocardial infarction
ExplanationA myocardial infarction occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked.
#11
Which of the following types of cholesterol is considered 'bad' cholesterol?
LDL
ExplanationLDL cholesterol contributes to plaque buildup in arteries.
#12
Which of the following conditions is characterized by rapid, irregular heartbeats?
Tachycardia
ExplanationTachycardia is an abnormally fast heart rate.
#13
What is the main function of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
Conduction of electrical signals
ExplanationThe SA node initiates the electrical impulses that regulate heart rhythm.
#14
Which of the following is a condition characterized by an abnormal enlargement of the aorta?
Aortic aneurysm
ExplanationAortic aneurysm is the abnormal enlargement of the aorta.
#15
Which of the following is a symptom of a heart attack?
Chest pain or discomfort
ExplanationChest pain or discomfort is a common symptom of a heart attack.
#16
What is the medical term for high blood pressure?
Hypertension
ExplanationHypertension is abnormally high blood pressure.
#17
Which of the following is a condition characterized by inflammation of the heart muscle?
Myocarditis
ExplanationMyocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle.
#18
Which of the following is a congenital heart defect characterized by a hole in the wall between the heart's chambers?
Ventricular septal defect
ExplanationVentricular septal defect is a hole in the heart's septum.
#19
Which of the following is a procedure used to visualize the coronary arteries?
Angiogram
ExplanationAn angiogram is an X-ray procedure to visualize blood vessels.