#1
Which of the following is NOT a major component of the cardiovascular system?
Kidneys
ExplanationKidneys are part of the urinary system, not the cardiovascular system.
#2
What is the function of red blood cells in the cardiovascular system?
Transport oxygen
ExplanationRed blood cells carry oxygen to tissues and organs.
#3
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
ExplanationThe left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs before pumping it to the body.
#4
What is the term for the force exerted by blood against the walls of arteries?
Systolic pressure
ExplanationSystolic pressure is the force during the heart's contraction against artery walls.
#5
What is the term for the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart per minute?
Cardiac output
ExplanationCardiac output is the volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in one minute.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?
Excessive thirst
ExplanationExcessive thirst is not a typical symptom of a heart attack.
#7
What is the primary pacemaker of the heart responsible for initiating the heartbeat?
Sinoatrial (SA) node
ExplanationThe SA node initiates the electrical impulses that regulate heartbeats.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
Regular exercise
ExplanationRegular exercise is a protective factor against cardiovascular diseases.
#9
Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body?
Aorta
ExplanationThe aorta transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
#10
What is the term for the abnormal rhythm of the heart characterized by rapid and irregular beating?
Fibrillation
ExplanationFibrillation is the irregular and rapid beating of the heart.
#11
What is the primary function of the endothelium in blood vessels?
Regulate blood pressure
ExplanationThe endothelium helps regulate blood pressure in blood vessels.
#12
Which of the following hormones regulates blood pressure by increasing water retention in the kidneys?
Aldosterone
ExplanationAldosterone increases water retention in the kidneys, affecting blood pressure.
#13
What is the medical term for a heart attack?
Myocardial infarction
ExplanationA heart attack is clinically known as myocardial infarction.
#14
Which medication is commonly administered during a myocardial infarction to dissolve blood clots?
Aspirin
ExplanationAspirin is often given to dissolve blood clots during a heart attack.
#15
What is the medical term for a rapid heartbeat that may lead to sudden cardiac arrest?
Tachycardia
ExplanationTachycardia is an abnormally fast heartbeat that can lead to cardiac arrest.
#16
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs, often a result of heart failure?
Pulmonary edema
ExplanationPulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, associated with heart failure.
#17
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of aortic dissection?
Difficulty breathing
ExplanationDifficulty breathing is not a typical symptom of aortic dissection.