#1
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
To carry oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide
ExplanationOxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal.
#2
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
ExplanationReception of oxygenated blood from the lungs.
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of systolic blood pressure?
It is measured when the heart is contracting
ExplanationMeasurement during heart contraction.
#4
What is the name of the valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Mitral valve
ExplanationValve between left atrium and ventricle.
#5
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle?
Diastole
ExplanationPhase when heart chambers relax and fill with blood.
#6
What does the P wave represent in an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Atrial depolarization
ExplanationAtrial contraction signal in ECG.
#7
Which of the following is not a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Regular exercise
ExplanationRegular exercise as a protective factor against cardiovascular disease.
#8
Which segment of the electrocardiogram (ECG) corresponds to ventricular depolarization?
QRS complex
ExplanationRepresentation of ventricular depolarization in ECG.
#9
What is the primary function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?
To regulate heart rate by initiating electrical impulses
ExplanationInitiation of heart's electrical impulses for rate regulation.
#10
What does the QRS complex represent in an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Ventricular depolarization
ExplanationECG depiction of ventricular depolarization.
#11
What is the correct sequence of events in the cardiac cycle?
Atrial contraction, ventricular relaxation, ventricular contraction, atrial relaxation
ExplanationOrder of heart chamber activities in one cycle.
#12
Which of the following hormones increases heart rate and blood pressure?
Epinephrine
ExplanationHormone causing increased heart rate and blood pressure.
#13
What is the term for the volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each heartbeat?
Stroke volume
ExplanationAmount of blood pumped by each ventricle per heartbeat.
#14
Which of the following is a hormone that decreases heart rate and blood pressure?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationHormone leading to decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
#15
What is the term for the period of time during which the heart fills with blood before contracting?
Preload
ExplanationTime of heart filling with blood before contraction.