#1
Which of the following is not a component of the ECG wave?
K wave
ExplanationThe K wave is not a component of the ECG wave.
#2
What is the normal resting heart rate for adults?
60-100 beats per minute
ExplanationThe normal resting heart rate for adults is 60-100 beats per minute.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Regular exercise
ExplanationRegular exercise is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
#4
Which of the following conditions is characterized by rapid and irregular heartbeats?
Tachycardia
ExplanationTachycardia is characterized by rapid and irregular heartbeats.
#5
What does the term 'cardiac output' refer to?
Volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute
ExplanationCardiac output refers to the volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute.
#6
What is the primary function of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
To regulate heart rate by initiating electrical impulses
ExplanationThe primary function of the sinoatrial (SA) node is to regulate heart rate by initiating electrical impulses.
#7
What does the P wave represent in an ECG?
Atrial depolarization
ExplanationThe P wave represents atrial depolarization in an ECG.
#8
Which diagnostic test is used to measure the electrical activity of the heart over time?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
ExplanationElectrocardiogram (ECG) is used to measure the electrical activity of the heart over time.
#9
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Right atrium
ExplanationThe right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
#10
What is the name of the valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
Mitral valve
ExplanationThe valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the Mitral valve.
#11
Which of the following is a characteristic of diastole in the cardiac cycle?
Atrial relaxation
ExplanationAtrial relaxation is a characteristic of diastole in the cardiac cycle.
#12
What is the term for the volume of blood ejected by the ventricle in one heartbeat?
Stroke volume
ExplanationThe term for the volume of blood ejected by the ventricle in one heartbeat is Stroke volume.
#13
What does an elevated ST segment indicate on an ECG?
Myocardial infarction
ExplanationAn elevated ST segment on an ECG indicates myocardial infarction.
#14
What is the purpose of a stress test in cardiac diagnostics?
To evaluate heart function during physical activity
ExplanationThe purpose of a stress test is to evaluate heart function during physical activity.
#15
Which of the following statements about the Frank-Starling mechanism is true?
It adjusts stroke volume based on venous return.
ExplanationThe Frank-Starling mechanism adjusts stroke volume based on venous return.
#16
Which of the following is a symptom of cardiac tamponade?
Pulsus paradoxus
ExplanationPulsus paradoxus is a symptom of cardiac tamponade.
#17
What does a prolonged PR interval indicate on an ECG?
Atrioventricular block
ExplanationA prolonged PR interval on an ECG indicates atrioventricular block.
#18
What does the term 'preload' refer to in cardiac physiology?
The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
ExplanationPreload refers to the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole.