#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of sinus bradycardia?
Regular rhythm with a rate less than 60 beats per minute
ExplanationSinus bradycardia is identified by a regular rhythm with a heart rate below 60 beats per minute.
#2
What is the first-line treatment for stable supraventricular tachycardia?
Vagal maneuvers
ExplanationVagal maneuvers, such as bearing down or carotid massage, are the initial interventions for stable supraventricular tachycardia.
#3
Which term describes an abnormally fast heart rate originating from the ventricles?
Ventricular tachycardia
ExplanationVentricular tachycardia is characterized by an abnormally fast heart rate originating from the ventricles.
#4
Which of the following is a common symptom of atrial fibrillation?
Palpitations
ExplanationPalpitations are a common symptom associated with atrial fibrillation.
#5
Which condition is characterized by a rapid, regular heart rhythm originating from the atria?
Supraventricular tachycardia
ExplanationSupraventricular tachycardia is characterized by a rapid, regular heart rhythm originating from the atria.
#6
Which of the following medications is commonly used to terminate ventricular fibrillation?
Amiodarone
ExplanationAmiodarone is a commonly used medication to terminate ventricular fibrillation by stabilizing the cardiac cell membranes.
#7
What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-blockers in treating cardiac dysrhythmias?
Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
ExplanationBeta-blockers exert their effects in treating cardiac dysrhythmias by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors.
#8
Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with prolongation of the QT interval?
Hypokalemia
ExplanationProlongation of the QT interval is linked to electrolyte imbalance, particularly hypokalemia.
#9
What is the primary pharmacological action of adenosine in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia?
Slowing AV nodal conduction
ExplanationAdenosine's primary action in treating supraventricular tachycardia is slowing AV nodal conduction.
#10
Which ECG finding is characteristic of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
Delta wave
ExplanationWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is identified by the presence of a delta wave on the ECG.
#11
Which medication is commonly used as an antidote for severe digoxin toxicity?
Digoxin immune fab
ExplanationDigoxin immune fab is commonly used as an antidote for severe digoxin toxicity.
#12
Which cardiac dysrhythmia is characterized by chaotic and disorganized electrical activity in the ventricles?
Ventricular fibrillation
ExplanationVentricular fibrillation is marked by chaotic and disorganized electrical activity in the heart's ventricles.
#13
What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
ExplanationSudden cardiac arrest in young athletes is most commonly caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
#14
Which of the following is a potential complication of synchronized cardioversion?
Asystole
ExplanationSynchronized cardioversion may lead to asystole as a potential complication.
#15
Which electrolyte imbalance can precipitate torsades de pointes?
Hypomagnesemia
ExplanationTorsades de pointes can be precipitated by electrolyte imbalance, especially hypomagnesemia.
#16
What is the typical QRS morphology seen in ventricular fibrillation on an ECG?
Absence of QRS complexes
ExplanationVentricular fibrillation on an ECG is characterized by the absence of QRS complexes.
#17
Which type of heart block is characterized by progressively prolonged PR intervals until a QRS complex is dropped?
Second-degree AV block, Mobitz type I (Wenckebach)
ExplanationSecond-degree AV block, Mobitz type I (Wenckebach), is characterized by progressively prolonged PR intervals until a QRS complex is dropped.