#1
Which of the following is a common symptom of a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?
Chest pain or discomfort
ExplanationTypically presents as severe pressure, squeezing, or pain in the chest.
#2
What is the normal resting heart rate for adults?
60-80 beats per minute
ExplanationVaries depending on age, fitness level, and other factors, but this range is typical.
#3
What is the purpose of the Apgar score in newborns?
Assessing overall well-being
ExplanationEvaluates a newborn's physical condition immediately after birth.
#4
Which cardiac condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing?
Congestive heart failure
ExplanationResults from the heart's inability to pump effectively.
#5
Which cardiac medication is commonly used to dilate blood vessels and reduce blood pressure?
Calcium channel blockers
ExplanationAlso used to treat certain heart rhythm disorders.
#6
What does the term 'ECG' stand for in the context of cardiac assessment?
Electrocardiogram
ExplanationA test that records the electrical activity of the heart.
#7
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?
Left ventricle
ExplanationReceives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta.
#8
Which medication is commonly prescribed to reduce cholesterol levels?
Statins
ExplanationWorks by inhibiting an enzyme involved in cholesterol production.
#9
What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?
Supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle
ExplanationDeliver oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself.
#10
Which condition is characterized by an irregular heartbeat, often described as a fluttering or quivering sensation in the chest?
Atrial fibrillation
ExplanationCan increase the risk of stroke and other complications.
#11
What is the purpose of nitroglycerin in the management of cardiac conditions?
To relieve chest pain
ExplanationWorks by dilating blood vessels to increase blood flow to the heart.
#12
Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
High blood pressure
ExplanationIncreases the workload on the heart and can damage arteries.
#13
Which imaging technique is commonly used to assess the structure and function of the heart?
Echocardiography
ExplanationUses sound waves to create images of the heart.
#14
What is the term for the inadequate blood supply to a part of the heart muscle, often resulting in chest pain?
Angina
ExplanationCan be stable or unstable, with varying severity of symptoms.
#15
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary arteries
ExplanationTransport oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.