#1
Which type of cells are responsible for bone resorption?
Osteoclasts
ExplanationOsteoclasts are cells that break down bone tissue during remodeling.
#2
What is the primary component of bone extracellular matrix?
Collagen
ExplanationCollagen forms the framework upon which mineralization occurs in bone.
#3
What is the primary function of osteocytes in bone tissue?
Maintaining bone matrix
ExplanationOsteocytes maintain bone matrix and detect mechanical strain.
#4
Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium in the intestine?
Vitamin D
ExplanationVitamin D promotes calcium absorption in the intestine.
#5
Which bone tissue type contains trabeculae and provides structural support with minimal weight?
Spongy bone
ExplanationSpongy bone contains trabeculae and provides strength with minimal weight.
#6
What is the process of bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts known as?
Remodeling
ExplanationBone remodeling is the process of resorption followed by new bone formation.
#7
Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating longitudinal bone growth in children?
Growth hormone
ExplanationGrowth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth in children.
#8
Which hormone stimulates osteoclast activity and increases blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid hormone
ExplanationParathyroid hormone stimulates osteoclasts to release calcium from bone.
#9
What term describes the process of bone formation by osteoblasts?
Ossification
ExplanationOssification is the process of bone formation by osteoblasts.
#10
What term describes the process of bone growth in width?
Appositional growth
ExplanationAppositional growth is the process of bone growth in width.
#11
Which of the following hormones inhibits osteoclast activity and decreases blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
ExplanationCalcitonin inhibits osteoclasts, reducing blood calcium levels.
#12
Which hormone stimulates osteoblast activity and promotes bone formation?
Estrogen
ExplanationEstrogen stimulates osteoblasts, promoting bone formation.
#13
What is the term for the process of replacing cartilage with bone during skeletal development?
Endochondral ossification
ExplanationEndochondral ossification replaces cartilage with bone during development.
#14
What is the primary mineral component of bone tissue?
Calcium phosphate
ExplanationCalcium phosphate is the main mineral component of bone.
#15
Which type of bone tissue is characterized by a dense, solid appearance?
Compact bone
ExplanationCompact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones.
#16
Which type of bone cell is responsible for synthesizing and secreting bone matrix?
Osteoblast
ExplanationOsteoblasts are responsible for building bone tissue by secreting matrix.
#17
Which type of bone tissue contains lamellae arranged in concentric circles around central canals?
Compact bone
ExplanationCompact bone has lamellae arranged around central canals.
#18
Which type of bone tissue is typically found in the epiphyses of long bones and within flat bones?
Cancellous bone
ExplanationCancellous bone is found in the ends of long bones and within flat bones.
#19
Which type of bone tissue is characterized by an irregular lattice structure and is highly vascularized?
Cancellous bone
ExplanationCancellous bone has an irregular lattice structure and is highly vascularized.