Bone Microstructure and Histology Quiz

Bone resorption is primarily carried out by osteoclasts, which break down bone tissue.

Collagen is the main protein component of the bone matrix, providing strength and flexibility.

Sutures are fibrous joints found in the skull, allowing for little or no movement and providing structural support.

The periosteum is a dense membrane covering the outer surface of bones, providing protection, nourishment, and serving as an attachment site for ligaments and tendons.

The patella, commonly known as the kneecap, is a sesamoid bone located in front of the knee joint, protecting and providing leverage for the quadriceps muscles.

Cancellous bone, also known as spongy or trabecular bone, is mainly found in the epiphyses and provides structural support.

Osteocytes are mature bone cells responsible for maintaining the bone matrix and orchestrating bone remodeling.

Ossification is the process of bone formation, either by intramembranous or endochondral ossification.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity and promoting calcium absorption in the intestines and kidneys.

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells responsible for synthesizing and depositing new bone matrix during bone growth and repair.

The osteon, or Haversian system, is the fundamental unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric layers around a central canal.

Red bone marrow is primarily found in the spongy bone of the epiphyses, where it produces blood cells.

The Haversian canal contains blood vessels and nerves and runs through the center of each osteon, facilitating nutrient exchange and communication.

Bone adaptation refers to the remodeling process where bone structure changes in response to mechanical stress or loading, optimizing its strength and function.

The atlas (C1) is the first cervical vertebra, located at the base of the skull, and is responsible for supporting the head and facilitating its movement.