#1
Which blood component is most commonly transfused?
Red blood cells
ExplanationRed blood cells are the primary component transfused due to their role in carrying oxygen.
#2
What is the primary purpose of a blood transfusion?
To increase hemoglobin levels
ExplanationBlood transfusions aim to raise hemoglobin levels to improve oxygen transport in the body.
#3
Which blood component is primarily responsible for carrying oxygen to tissues?
Red blood cells
ExplanationRed blood cells carry oxygen to tissues throughout the body.
#4
Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
O
ExplanationBlood type O is considered the universal donor as it lacks A and B antigens.
#5
What is a potential risk associated with blood transfusions?
Infection transmission
ExplanationBlood transfusions carry the risk of transmitting infections such as HIV or hepatitis.
#6
What is the maximum allowable time for a unit of red blood cells to be transfused?
72 hours
ExplanationRed blood cells must be transfused within 72 hours of collection to maintain viability.
#7
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to blood transfusions?
Hypotension
ExplanationHypotension, or low blood pressure, is a common adverse reaction to transfusions.
#8
What is the recommended temperature for storing red blood cells prior to transfusion?
4°C
ExplanationRed blood cells should be stored at 4°C to maintain their quality and prevent deterioration.
#9
In which situation might a blood transfusion be considered an urgent therapeutic intervention?
Correction of acute hemorrhage
ExplanationBlood transfusion is urgently needed to correct acute hemorrhage and prevent shock or organ damage.
#10
Which test is typically performed before a blood transfusion to ensure compatibility?
Crossmatch
ExplanationCrossmatching is done to ensure compatibility between donor and recipient blood.
#11
What is the primary cause of hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Mismatched blood types
ExplanationHemolytic reactions occur due to the incompatibility of donor and recipient blood types.
#12
Which of the following is a method used to prevent febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Leukoreduction
ExplanationLeukoreduction reduces the risk of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions by removing white blood cells.
#13
What precaution should be taken when administering blood transfusions to patients with known alloantibodies?
Performing a direct antiglobulin test
ExplanationA direct antiglobulin test should be performed to detect and prevent adverse reactions in patients with known alloantibodies.
#14
What is the term for a reaction caused by antibodies in the recipient's blood attacking antigens on donor blood cells?
Hemolytic reaction
ExplanationA hemolytic reaction occurs when recipient antibodies attack antigens on donor blood cells.
#15
Which of the following is a method used to reduce the risk of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD)?
Irradiation of blood components
ExplanationIrradiation of blood components helps prevent TA-GVHD by inactivating T lymphocytes.