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Biological Principles and Characteristics Quiz

#1

Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy in a cell?

Mitochondrion
Explanation

Powerhouse of the cell

#2

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?

Decomposition
Explanation

Process of breaking down dead organic matter

#3

What is the basic unit of heredity?

Gene
Explanation

Unit of inheritance

#4

Which of the following is responsible for the sense of smell?

Nose
Explanation

Organ of olfaction

#5

Which molecule serves as the universal energy currency of the cell?

ATP
Explanation

Adenosine triphosphate

#6

What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis
Explanation

Conversion of light energy to glucose

#7

What is the term used to describe the process of a cell engulfing a solid particle?

Phagocytosis
Explanation

Cell eating

#8

Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Charles Darwin
Explanation

Father of evolution

#9

In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

Metaphase
Explanation

Chromosomes align

#10

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Modifying and packaging proteins
Explanation

Protein processing and sorting

#11

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

Nucleic acids
Explanation

Mainly composed of lipids and proteins

#12

What is the term for the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA?

Replication
Explanation

Copying of DNA

#13

What is the primary function of white blood cells in the human body?

Fighting infection
Explanation

Defending against pathogens

#14

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?

Presence of a nucleus
Explanation

Nuclear membrane-enclosed DNA

#15

Which of the following is an example of a multicellular organism?

Human
Explanation

Consisting of multiple cells

#16

What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without the use of energy?

Passive transport
Explanation

Simple diffusion

#17

Which of the following is a characteristic of viruses?

Contain either DNA or RNA but not both
Explanation

Genetic material variability

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