#1
Which of the following is a biological macromolecule responsible for storing genetic information?
Nucleic acid
ExplanationNucleic acids store genetic information.
#2
Which of the following is a polysaccharide commonly found in plant cell walls?
Cellulose
ExplanationCellulose is a polysaccharide commonly found in plant cell walls.
#3
What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in the process of translation?
Carrying amino acids to the ribosome
ExplanationtRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
Nucleus
ExplanationEukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
#5
What is the primary function of RNA interference (RNAi) in cellular processes?
Gene silencing
ExplanationRNA interference (RNAi) primarily functions in gene silencing.
#6
What is the primary function of enzymes in cellular interactions?
Catalyzing chemical reactions
ExplanationEnzymes catalyze chemical reactions in cells.
#7
Which type of cellular transport requires energy input to move substances against their concentration gradient?
Active transport
ExplanationActive transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
#8
What is the role of ribosomes in cellular processes?
Protein synthesis
ExplanationRibosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
#9
In which cellular organelle does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?
Chloroplast
ExplanationPhotosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts in plant cells.
#10
Which type of biomolecule is insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels?
Protein
ExplanationInsulin is a protein.
#11
What is the main structural component of the cell membrane?
Lipid
ExplanationLipids are the main structural components of the cell membrane.
#12
During cellular respiration, which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?
Mitochondrion
ExplanationMitochondria produce ATP during cellular respiration.
#13
What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
Lipid synthesis
ExplanationSmooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis.
#14
Which cellular structure is responsible for maintaining cell shape, providing structural support, and facilitating cell movement?
Cytoskeleton
ExplanationCytoskeleton maintains cell shape, provides structural support, and facilitates cell movement.
#15
In cellular communication, which type of signaling involves signaling molecules acting on nearby target cells?
Paracrine signaling
ExplanationParacrine signaling involves signaling molecules acting on nearby target cells.