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Behavioral Science Quiz

#1

What is the fundamental concept behind classical conditioning?

Association
Explanation

Learning through association of stimuli and responses.

#2

Which theorist is associated with the concept of 'Hierarchy of Needs'?

Abraham Maslow
Explanation

Maslow proposed a hierarchy of human needs, ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

#3

What is the 'primacy effect' in memory?

The tendency to remember information at the beginning of a list
Explanation

It's the phenomenon where items presented first are more likely to be remembered than those presented later.

#4

Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?

B.F. Skinner
Explanation

Skinner's theory focuses on how behavior is shaped by consequences, reinforcing or punishing stimuli.

#5

What is the 'fight or flight' response?

A reaction to stress involving either confrontation or escape
Explanation

It's the physiological response preparing an organism to confront or flee from a perceived threat.

#6

Who is known for the famous 'Bobo doll experiment'?

Albert Bandura
Explanation

Bandura conducted the Bobo doll experiment, demonstrating observational learning and aggression.

#7

What does the Stanford prison experiment study?

Obedience
Explanation

It examines the effects of perceived power and authority on individuals' behavior.

#8

Who coined the term 'social identity'?

Henri Tajfel
Explanation

Tajfel introduced the concept of social identity, which refers to how individuals identify themselves within social groups.

#9

What is the 'halo effect' in psychology?

The tendency to perceive someone as better overall based on a single positive trait
Explanation

It's the cognitive bias where one positive attribute influences perceptions of other unrelated traits.

#10

Who proposed the theory of cognitive dissonance?

Leon Festinger
Explanation

Festinger's theory explains the discomfort felt when attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent, leading to efforts to resolve the dissonance.

#11

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Big Five personality traits?

Open-mindedness
Explanation

Open-mindedness is not one of the Big Five traits, which include openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

#12

What is the name of the phenomenon where individuals in a group tend to exert less effort?

Social loafing
Explanation

It's the tendency for individuals to reduce effort when working collectively compared to when working alone.

#13

According to Albert Bandura, what is the process of learning by observing others called?

Modeling
Explanation

Modeling involves learning behaviors by observing others and imitating them.

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