#1
Which theorist is often called the 'Father of Psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationWundt is considered the founder of experimental psychology.
#2
What is the primary focus of behaviorism?
Observable behavior and stimuli-response associations
ExplanationBehaviorism emphasizes observable actions and their relation to stimuli.
#3
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine plays a key role in the brain's reward system.
#4
Who is known for the concept of 'self-actualization'?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationMaslow described self-actualization as realizing one's potential.
#5
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the importance of free will and self-actualization?
Humanistic psychology
ExplanationHumanistic psychology focuses on individual potential and choice.
#6
Who proposed the Hierarchy of Needs theory?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationMaslow suggested human needs are organized in a hierarchy.
#7
Which experiment is associated with classical conditioning?
The Little Albert experiment
ExplanationThis experiment demonstrated classical conditioning in humans.
#8
What is the primary premise of the social learning theory?
Behavior is learned through observation and imitation
ExplanationIt emphasizes learning from observing others' actions.
#9
What is the main concept behind operant conditioning?
Punishment and reinforcement
ExplanationIt focuses on modifying behavior through consequences.
#10
Which psychologist is known for his work on the 'Stanford prison experiment'?
Philip Zimbardo
ExplanationZimbardo investigated the effects of perceived power.
#11
In the context of motivation, what does the 'expectancy theory' propose?
People are motivated by the expectation of desired outcomes
ExplanationIt suggests motivation is influenced by the expectation of achieving goals.
#12
Who is associated with the concept of 'emotional intelligence'?
Daniel Goleman
ExplanationGoleman popularized the concept of EQ, measuring emotional skills.
#13
What is the main concept behind Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory?
Observational learning
ExplanationIt highlights learning through observing others' behaviors.
#14
Who is known for proposing the 'Two-factor theory of emotion'?
Stanley Schachter
ExplanationSchachter suggested emotions involve physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation.
#15
What is the primary focus of evolutionary psychology?
Understanding behavior in terms of adaptation and natural selection
ExplanationIt analyzes behavior through the lens of evolutionary pressures.
#16
Which concept in social psychology refers to the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing others' actions to internal causes?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationIt describes the tendency to explain others' actions differently than one's own.
#17
Who developed the concept of 'schema'?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationPiaget introduced the concept of mental frameworks for organizing information.
#18
Which psychological perspective focuses on understanding individuals' perceptions of their own experiences and the importance of subjective reality?
Humanistic psychology
ExplanationIt emphasizes subjective experiences and personal growth.
#19
Who developed the concept of 'self-efficacy'?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationBandura proposed self-efficacy as belief in one's ability to succeed.
#20
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of 'flow'?
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
ExplanationCsikszentmihalyi described the state of optimal experience.
#21
What does the 'biopsychosocial model' consider in understanding human health and illness?
The interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors
ExplanationIt integrates various factors in understanding health and illness.
#22
Who is known for the 'triarchic theory of intelligence'?
Robert Sternberg
ExplanationSternberg proposed intelligence involves practical, analytical, and creative aspects.
#23
Which psychological perspective focuses on how individuals process, store, and retrieve information?
Cognitive psychology
ExplanationIt examines mental processes like memory, problem-solving, and perception.
#24
Who developed the theory of cognitive dissonance?
Leon Festinger
ExplanationFestinger proposed inconsistency between beliefs causes discomfort.
#25
Who developed the concept of 'cultural dimensions'?
Geert Hofstede
ExplanationHofstede explored how culture influences behavior and values.