#1
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement in gaming?
Awarding extra points for completing a level
ExplanationPositive reinforcement: rewarding desired behavior to increase its likelihood.
#2
In behavioral psychology, what is the term for learning by observing others?
Observational learning
ExplanationObservational learning: learning through observing others' actions and consequences.
#3
Which psychological principle suggests that individuals are more likely to repeat behaviors that are followed by desirable outcomes?
Law of Effect
ExplanationLaw of Effect: behaviors followed by desirable consequences are more likely to be repeated.
#4
What term describes the process of associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response?
Acquisition
ExplanationAcquisition: initial learning stage where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus.
#5
Which concept suggests that behaviors followed by desirable consequences are more likely to be repeated?
Positive reinforcement
ExplanationPositive reinforcement: reinforcing desired behavior to increase its frequency.
#6
What is the process called when a conditioned response diminishes because it is no longer reinforced?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction: gradual decrease of a conditioned response due to lack of reinforcement.
#7
What term describes the process of gradually reducing the intensity or frequency of a conditioned stimulus?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction: diminishing of a conditioned response due to lack of reinforcement.
#8
Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement in gaming?
Removing an annoying sound effect after completing a task
ExplanationNegative reinforcement: removing an aversive stimulus to increase desired behavior.
#9
Which principle of learning suggests that breaking down a complex task into smaller steps can facilitate learning?
Shaping
ExplanationShaping: rewarding successive approximations toward a desired behavior.
#10
What principle of operant conditioning involves reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior?
Shaping
ExplanationShaping: reinforcing behaviors gradually closer to the desired behavior.
#11
According to the concept of operant conditioning, what term describes the process of pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response?
Acquisition
ExplanationAcquisition: initial stage of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus.
#12
What term describes the process of presenting an aversive stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior?
Punishment
ExplanationPunishment: applying aversive stimuli to reduce the frequency of a behavior.