#1
Which of the following is an example of non-verbal communication?
Making eye contact
ExplanationNon-verbal communication involves conveying messages without using words, such as through gestures or facial expressions.
#2
In psychology, what does the acronym 'OCD' stand for?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
ExplanationObsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a mental health condition characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or rituals (compulsions).
#3
Who proposed the theory of classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
ExplanationIvan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, proposed the theory of classical conditioning based on his famous experiments with dogs, demonstrating how associations are formed between stimuli and responses.
#4
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with various functions, including pleasure, reward, motivation, and motor control.
#5
Who developed the social learning theory, which emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura, a psychologist, developed the social learning theory, which highlights the role of observational learning and modeling in shaping behaviors, attitudes, and emotional responses.
#6
What is the term for the tendency to favor information that confirms our preexisting beliefs?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationConfirmation bias leads individuals to seek and interpret information in a way that confirms their existing beliefs or hypotheses.
#7
What does the 'fight or flight' response refer to?
An automatic physiological reaction to a perceived threat
ExplanationThe 'fight or flight' response is the body's instinctive reaction to a perceived threat, preparing it to either confront or flee from the danger.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting human behavior?
Time of day
ExplanationWhile time of day can influence behavior in some cases, it is not typically considered a primary factor affecting human behavior compared to factors like personality, culture, or environment.
#9
Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning?
A child receiving a sticker for completing their homework
ExplanationOperant conditioning involves learning through consequences, where behaviors are reinforced or punished to increase or decrease their occurrence, respectively.
#10
What is the term for the tendency to conform to the group's decision despite personal objections?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity is the tendency for individuals to adjust their beliefs or behaviors to align with those of the group, even if they personally disagree.
#11
What is the term for the tendency to attribute our own behavior to external, situational factors, while attributing others' behavior to internal, dispositional factors?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationThe fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate dispositional factors when explaining others' behavior, while often doing the opposite for our own behavior.