#1
Which of the following is a positive reinforcement in behavior modification?
Reward
ExplanationPositive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior.
#2
What is the primary goal of behavior modification?
To change and improve behavior
ExplanationThe primary goal of behavior modification is to change and improve behavior.
#3
What is the term for the process of reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior?
Shaping
ExplanationShaping is the process of reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior.
#4
What is the term for the process of eliminating or weakening an undesirable behavior by withdrawing reinforcement?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction is the process of eliminating or weakening an undesirable behavior by withdrawing reinforcement.
#5
Which of the following is an example of a discriminative stimulus in behavior modification?
A cue that signals when a behavior will be reinforced or punished
ExplanationA discriminative stimulus is a cue that signals when a behavior will be reinforced or punished.
#6
In behavior modification, what does the term 'shaping' refer to?
Gradually molding and reinforcing behaviors to reach a desired behavior
ExplanationShaping is the process of gradually molding and reinforcing behaviors closer and closer to the desired behavior.
#7
Which type of reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior?
Negative reinforcement
ExplanationNegative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior.
#8
Which reinforcement schedule provides reinforcement after a fixed number of responses?
Fixed Ratio
ExplanationFixed Ratio reinforcement schedule provides reinforcement after a fixed number of responses.
#9
What is the purpose of a time-out in behavior modification?
To punish undesirable behavior by removing the individual from the reinforcing environment
ExplanationTime-out is used to punish undesirable behavior by removing the individual from the reinforcing environment.
#10
Which of the following is an example of a secondary reinforcer in behavior modification?
Money
ExplanationMoney is an example of a secondary reinforcer in behavior modification.
#11
What is the primary focus of contingency management in behavior modification?
Modifying consequences contingent on behavior
ExplanationContingency management focuses on modifying consequences contingent on behavior.
#12
What is the purpose of a token economy in behavior modification?
To reinforce desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for privileges or rewards
ExplanationToken economy involves reinforcing desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for privileges or rewards.
#13
Which behavior modification technique involves breaking down a complex behavior into smaller, manageable steps and reinforcing each step?
Chaining
ExplanationChaining involves breaking down complex behaviors into smaller steps and reinforcing each step.
#14
In behavior modification, what does the term 'generalization' refer to?
The transfer of a learned response from one situation to another similar situation
ExplanationGeneralization refers to the transfer of a learned response from one situation to another similar situation.
#15
Which behavior modification technique involves gradually exposing an individual to a feared stimulus to reduce anxiety?
Systematic desensitization
ExplanationSystematic desensitization involves gradually exposing an individual to a feared stimulus to reduce anxiety.
#16
In behavior modification, what is the purpose of an antecedent?
To precede a behavior
ExplanationAn antecedent is something that precedes a behavior.
#17
Which technique in behavior modification involves gradually reducing the frequency of reinforcement to maintain a behavior?
Fading
ExplanationFading involves gradually reducing the frequency of reinforcement to maintain a behavior.