#1
Which of the following is a fundamental principle of ethical research involving human participants?
Informed consent
ExplanationEnsures participants are fully aware and agree to participate.
#2
In a controlled experiment, the group that does not receive the treatment being studied is called the:
Control group
ExplanationUsed as a baseline for comparison against the treatment group.
#3
Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
Median
ExplanationRepresents the middle value in a dataset.
#4
What is the purpose of a correlation coefficient in psychological research?
To measure the strength and direction of a relationship between variables
ExplanationIndicates the degree and direction of association between variables.
#5
What is the purpose of a research hypothesis?
To predict the outcome of the research
ExplanationSpecifies the expected relationship between variables.
#6
Which of the following is a potential limitation of experimental research?
Limited generalizability
ExplanationDifficulty in applying findings to broader populations or contexts.
#7
What is the primary purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
To ensure all participants have an equal chance of being in any experimental group
ExplanationMinimizes bias by distributing participants evenly across groups.
#8
Which of the following is an example of a quasi-experimental research design?
Case-control study
ExplanationLacks random assignment, often due to ethical or practical constraints.
#9
Which of the following is an example of a qualitative research method?
Case study
ExplanationFocuses on in-depth analysis of individual cases.
#10
What is the purpose of a null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?
To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental results
ExplanationStates no significant difference or effect between groups or conditions.
#11
What is the purpose of peer review in the publication process?
To ensure research findings are accurate
ExplanationCritically evaluates research for validity and quality.
#12
Which of the following is a measure of variability?
Standard deviation
ExplanationIndicates the extent of dispersion or spread in a dataset.
#13
What is the purpose of conducting a pilot study in psychological research?
To test the feasibility of research procedures
ExplanationIdentifies and corrects potential issues before the main study.
#14
Which of the following is a measure of effect size?
Cohen's d
ExplanationQuantifies the size of the difference between groups.
#15
What is the purpose of conducting a literature review in psychological research?
To summarize previous research findings
ExplanationProvides a background and context for the current study.
#16
Which of the following is an example of an external validity threat?
Selection bias
ExplanationOccurs when the sample does not represent the population accurately.
#17
Which of the following is an example of a within-subjects design?
Repeated measures ANOVA
ExplanationMeasures the same subjects multiple times under different conditions.