#1
Which rhythm is considered a shockable rhythm in ACLS?
Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)
ExplanationVF is a chaotic rhythm where the heart's electrical activity is disorganized, leading to ineffective pumping.
#2
What is the recommended compression rate for adult CPR in ACLS?
100 compressions per minute
ExplanationMaintaining a consistent compression rate ensures sufficient blood flow to vital organs.
#3
During ACLS, what does the 'C' in the 'C-A-B' sequence of CPR stand for?
Circulation
Explanation'Circulation' emphasizes the importance of maintaining blood flow to vital organs.
#4
What does ROSC stand for in the context of ACLS?
Recovery of Spontaneous Circulation
ExplanationROSC indicates the return of effective heart function without external assistance.
#5
What does the 'A' stand for in the ABCDE approach commonly used in ACLS?
Airway
ExplanationEnsuring a clear airway is essential for effective oxygenation and ventilation.
#6
Which medication is commonly administered during cardiac arrest in ACLS to improve chances of successful defibrillation?
Epinephrine
ExplanationEpinephrine enhances heart contraction and increases blood flow to vital organs during resuscitation.
#7
What is the recommended initial energy dose for defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) in adults?
360 Joules
ExplanationHigh-energy shock is crucial to terminate chaotic rhythms like VF or VT.
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) during cardiac arrest?
Organized electrical activity without a pulse
ExplanationPEA presents with electrical activity on ECG but no effective cardiac output.
#9
What is the recommended compression depth for adult CPR in ACLS?
2 inches (5 centimeters)
ExplanationA sufficient compression depth ensures proper cardiac output.
#10
Which rhythm is characterized by a wide QRS complex and peaked T waves on an ECG?
Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
ExplanationVT is a fast heart rhythm originating from the ventricles.
#11
Which medication is indicated for stable narrow complex tachycardia with a regular rhythm in ACLS?
Adenosine
ExplanationAdenosine transiently blocks conduction through the AV node, interrupting re-entry circuits.
#12
What is the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR in ACLS?
30:2
ExplanationBalancing compressions and ventilations optimizes oxygenation while maintaining circulation.
#13
In ACLS, what is the primary pharmacologic treatment for symptomatic bradycardia?
Atropine
ExplanationAtropine increases heart rate by blocking vagal input to the heart.
#14
What is the recommended dose of epinephrine for adult cardiac arrest in ACLS?
0.1 mg/kg IV/IO every 3-5 minutes
ExplanationEpinephrine administration is titrated based on weight to optimize its effects.
#15
Which of the following is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest in the H's and T's algorithm used in ACLS?
Hypothermia
ExplanationCorrecting hypothermia can restore normal cardiac function and improve outcomes.
#16
Which of the following is a recommended method for confirmation of tracheal tube placement during advanced airway management in ACLS?
Capnography
ExplanationCapnography monitors CO2 levels, confirming proper tracheal tube placement.
#17
What is the recommended dose of adenosine for stable narrow complex supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in ACLS?
12 mg rapid IV push followed by 20 mL saline flush
ExplanationAdenosine rapidly terminates SVT by transiently blocking AV nodal conduction.
#18
During ACLS, when is the administration of vasopressin indicated?
After the first dose of epinephrine
ExplanationVasopressin is administered to enhance vascular tone and blood pressure after initial epinephrine.
#19
In ACLS, what is the recommended dose of magnesium sulfate for torsades de pointes?
1-2 g IV diluted in 10 mL D5W over 5-60 minutes
ExplanationMagnesium sulfate stabilizes cardiac membranes and can terminate torsades de pointes.