#1
Which of the following is not a part of the scientific method in psychology?
Guesswork
ExplanationGuesswork doesn't adhere to the systematic and empirical approach of the scientific method.
#2
Who is often referred to as the 'Father of Psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationWilhelm Wundt is credited as one of the founders of psychology, establishing the first psychology laboratory in 1879.
#3
Which of the following is not one of the primary colors in additive color mixing?
Yellow
ExplanationYellow is not a primary color in additive color mixing; it's a primary color in subtractive color mixing.
#4
Who is known as the 'Father of Psychology'?
Wilhelm Wundt
ExplanationWilhelm Wundt is often referred to as the 'Father of Psychology' for his foundational work.
#5
Which branch of psychology focuses on the study of mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving?
Cognitive psychology
ExplanationCognitive psychology concentrates on understanding mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving.
#6
Who is associated with the famous experiment known as the 'Stanford Prison Experiment'?
Philip Zimbardo
ExplanationPhilip Zimbardo conducted the infamous Stanford Prison Experiment to study the effects of social roles on behavior.
#7
What is the term used to describe the stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development where a child learns to use language and represent objects by images and words?
Preoperational stage
ExplanationThe preoperational stage is when children learn to use language and symbols but still lack logical reasoning, according to Piaget.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a type of learning in psychology?
Reflexive Learning
ExplanationReflexive Learning is not recognized as a formal type of learning in psychology.
#9
What is the main focus of cognitive psychology?
The study of mental processes
ExplanationCognitive psychology investigates mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving.
#10
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is a neurotransmitter linked with pleasure, reward, and motivation.
#11
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that intelligence is not a single, fixed attribute?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationHoward Gardner proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, challenging the idea of a single intelligence factor.
#12
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals in a group tend to exert less effort when working collectively compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in groups due to diffusion of responsibility.
#13
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with regulating emotions and forming memories?
Amygdala
ExplanationThe amygdala is a key brain region involved in regulating emotions and encoding emotional memories.
#14
Which of the following is a defense mechanism identified by Sigmund Freud, involving the transfer of emotions from their original source to another?
Displacement
ExplanationDisplacement is a defense mechanism where emotions are redirected from their original source to a substitute target.
#15
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs theory?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs theory, suggesting human motivations are organized hierarchically.
#16
What is the name of the cognitive bias where individuals tend to overestimate the accuracy of their knowledge or judgments?
Dunning-Kruger effect
ExplanationThe Dunning-Kruger effect describes the tendency for individuals to overestimate their abilities or knowledge.
#17
Who proposed the concept of 'collective unconscious' in psychology?
Carl Jung
ExplanationCarl Jung introduced the concept of the collective unconscious, suggesting a shared reservoir of memories and symbols.
#18
What is the term for the tendency to favor information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses, while ignoring or rejecting contradictory evidence?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationConfirmation bias is the tendency to seek or interpret information in a way that confirms one's existing beliefs or hypotheses.
#19
Who developed the theory of 'psychosocial development', emphasizing the impact of social experiences across the lifespan?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson proposed the theory of psychosocial development, which focuses on the impact of social experiences on individual development.