#1
Which structure separates the superior and inferior mediastinum?
The superior thoracic aperture
ExplanationBoundary between upper and lower portions of the mediastinum.
#2
Which structure lies posterior to the trachea and esophagus in the mediastinum?
The azygos vein
ExplanationRuns along the posterior aspect of trachea and esophagus.
#3
Which nerve is found in the posterior mediastinum?
Phrenic nerve
ExplanationRuns posterior to the lungs and heart, innervates the diaphragm.
#4
Which vein drains into the superior vena cava?
Brachiocephalic vein
ExplanationConfluence of internal jugular and subclavian veins.
#5
Which structure is NOT part of the anterior mediastinum?
Heart
ExplanationLocated primarily in the middle mediastinum.
#6
Which structure is NOT found within the anterior mediastinum?
Trachea
ExplanationLocated primarily in the middle mediastinum.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a boundary of the superior mediastinum?
Transverse thoracic plane
ExplanationForms the inferior boundary of the superior mediastinum.
#8
Which structure forms the anterior border of the posterior mediastinum?
Descending aorta
ExplanationForms the front boundary of the posterior mediastinum.
#9
Which structure is located at the level of the sternal angle in the mediastinum?
Tracheal bifurcation
ExplanationWhere the trachea divides into the left and right main bronchi.
#10
Which structure is located posterior to the heart in the mediastinum?
Thoracic duct
ExplanationRuns behind the heart, carrying lymphatic fluid.
#11
Which structure passes through the diaphragm at the level of T10?
Esophagus
ExplanationPenetrates diaphragm at the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra.
#12
Which artery gives rise to the posterior intercostal arteries?
Descending thoracic aorta
ExplanationSupplies blood to the intercostal spaces from the back.
#13
Which vein drains into the brachiocephalic vein?
Internal thoracic vein
ExplanationRuns alongside the internal thoracic artery, drains into the brachiocephalic vein.
#14
Which structure lies anterior to the trachea in the mediastinum?
Pulmonary artery
ExplanationArtery carrying deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
#15
Which vein forms the confluence of the brachiocephalic veins?
Superior vena cava
ExplanationLarge vein carrying deoxygenated blood from upper body to the heart.