#1
What is the primary function of the heart?
To pump blood
ExplanationHeart's main role in circulating blood throughout the body.
#2
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?
Arteries
ExplanationArteries transport oxygenated blood from the heart to tissues.
#3
In which blood vessels does gas exchange occur in the cardiovascular system?
Capillaries
ExplanationCapillaries facilitate exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues.
#4
Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
Smoking
ExplanationSmoking increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.
#5
What is the medical term for high blood pressure?
Hypertension
ExplanationChronic elevation of blood pressure, a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
#6
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
Transportation of oxygen and nutrients
ExplanationSystem responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
#7
What is the function of valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow of blood
ExplanationValves maintain unidirectional blood flow, preventing regurgitation.
#8
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood?
Right atrium
ExplanationThe right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
#9
Which vessel carries blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary vein
ExplanationPulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.
#10
What is the main component of blood responsible for oxygen transport?
Red blood cells
ExplanationRed blood cells contain hemoglobin, carrying oxygen.
#11
Which major blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart?
Inferior vena cava
ExplanationInferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.
#12
What is the function of the pericardium?
To protect and lubricate the heart
ExplanationPericardium encloses and lubricates the heart, preventing friction.
#13
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heart's cycle?
Diastole
ExplanationHeart's relaxation phase, allowing blood to flow into chambers.
#14
Which part of the conduction system coordinates the contraction of the ventricles?
Purkinje fibers
ExplanationPurkinje fibers spread electrical signals, initiating ventricular contraction.
#15
What is the medical term for a heart attack?
Myocardial infarction
ExplanationHeart muscle damage due to blocked blood flow.
#16
What is the term for the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute?
Cardiac output
ExplanationAmount of blood ejected from the heart in a minute.
#17
Which coronary artery is often referred to as the 'widowmaker'?
Left main coronary artery
ExplanationCritical artery supplying blood to large areas of the heart.
#18
Which hormone is produced by the heart and regulates blood pressure and fluid balance?
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
ExplanationHormone released by heart in response to high blood pressure, promoting sodium and water excretion.