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Anatomy and Function of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Quiz

#1

Which muscle is responsible for the rotation of the head to the opposite side and flexion of the neck?

Sternocleidomastoid
Explanation

Sternocleidomastoid: Rotates head to opposite side & flexes neck.

#2

Where does the sternocleidomastoid muscle originate?

Mastoid process of the temporal bone
Explanation

Originates: Mastoid process of temporal bone.

#3

What is the primary function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Flexion of the neck
Explanation

Primary function: Neck flexion.

#4

Which anatomical landmark serves as the insertion point for the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Sternal manubrium
Explanation

Insertion: Sternal manubrium.

#5

What is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Accessory nerve
Explanation

Innervation: Accessory nerve.

#6

Which artery supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Carotid artery
Explanation

Supplied by: Carotid artery.

#7

Which nerve roots contribute to the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Cervical nerves C2-C4
Explanation

Innervated by: Cervical nerves C2-C4.

#8

Which muscle acts as an antagonist to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Trapezius
Explanation

Antagonist: Trapezius muscle.

#9

What is the blood supply to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Carotid artery
Explanation

Supplied by: Carotid artery.

#10

Which cervical vertebrae serve as the origin point for the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

C4 and C5
Explanation

Originates: Cervical vertebrae C4 and C5.

#11

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle when only one side contracts?

Unilateral rotation of the head to the opposite side
Explanation

Unilateral contraction: Rotates head opposite side.

#12

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle when both sides contract together?

Bilateral rotation of the head
Explanation

Bilateral contraction: Rotates head.

#13

Which muscle synergistically assists the sternocleidomastoid muscle in neck flexion?

Scalene muscles
Explanation

Synergistic: Scalene muscles.

#14

Which of the following is NOT a movement facilitated by the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Extension of the neck
Explanation

Not facilitated: Neck extension.

#15

Which of the following muscles does the sternocleidomastoid muscle not directly interact with during movement?

Temporalis
Explanation

Does not interact: Temporalis muscle.

#16

What is the embryological origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Mesoderm
Explanation

Embryological origin: Mesoderm.

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