#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of physical development in late adulthood?
Decreased reaction time
ExplanationCharacterized by a decline in reaction time.
#2
What is Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development for the stage of integrity versus despair associated with?
Late adulthood
ExplanationAssociated with the final stage of psychosocial development.
#3
Which of the following is NOT considered a potential contributing factor to successful aging?
Isolation and loneliness
ExplanationExclusion due to negative impact on well-being.
#4
In late adulthood, cognitive processes such as attention and memory tend to:
Remain unchanged
ExplanationAttention and memory typically do not decline significantly.
#5
What is the primary hormone associated with stress that tends to decrease with age?
Cortisol
ExplanationLevels tend to decline in older adults.
#6
Which theory of aging suggests that cells have a limit to their reproduction and that after a certain point they cannot divide further?
Cellular clock theory
ExplanationPosits cells have a limit to reproduction.
#7
What is the term for the cognitive ability that involves knowing about knowing?
Metacognition
ExplanationInvolves awareness and understanding of one's cognitive processes.
#8
Which of the following best describes the 'selective optimization with compensation' model in the context of aging?
It focuses on selecting activities that match personal interests and abilities while compensating for losses.
ExplanationEmphasizes choosing activities aligned with personal strengths.
#9
According to research, what tends to happen to overall emotional well-being as people age?
It tends to remain relatively stable throughout adulthood.
ExplanationTends to stay consistent throughout adulthood.
#10
What is the term used to describe the decrease in the maximum level of oxygen that the body can utilize during intense exercise with age?
VO2 max decline
ExplanationDescribes the age-related reduction in maximal oxygen uptake.
#11
Which of the following statements about socioemotional selectivity theory is true?
It proposes that older adults prioritize emotionally meaningful goals.
ExplanationSuggests older adults focus on emotionally meaningful goals.
#12
According to research, what is a possible explanation for the phenomenon of 'terminal decline' in cognitive abilities before death?
Cumulative effects of health problems
ExplanationLinked to the cumulative impact of health issues.
#13
In the context of aging, what is 'compression of morbidity'?
A phenomenon where illness and disability are concentrated into a shorter period before death
ExplanationIllness and disability concentrated in a shorter period.
#14
According to socioemotional selectivity theory, what is the primary goal of social interactions for older adults?
To maintain emotional closeness and well-being
ExplanationFocus on emotional connections for well-being.
#15
Which of the following cognitive abilities is typically most affected by aging?
Perceptual speed
ExplanationDeclines in the ability to quickly process information.