#1
Which of the following is a common cognitive decline associated with aging?
Decreased short-term memory
ExplanationShort-term memory is often affected by aging, leading to difficulties in recalling recent information.
#2
What is a common early sign of Alzheimer's disease?
Forgetfulness
ExplanationForgetfulness, particularly in recalling recent events or conversations, is often an early symptom of Alzheimer's disease.
#3
Which type of memory involves remembering events and experiences from one's own life?
Episodic memory
ExplanationEpisodic memory involves recalling personal experiences and events, often with associated details such as time and place.
#4
Which brain structure is particularly vulnerable to age-related atrophy, affecting memory and learning?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe hippocampus, critical for memory consolidation and spatial navigation, often experiences age-related atrophy, impacting memory and learning abilities.
#5
What is the term for the age-related decline in the ability to produce and comprehend language?
Aphasia
ExplanationAphasia refers to the impairment of language production and comprehension often associated with aging or neurological damage.
#6
What is the term for the age-related decline in cognitive function beyond what is expected from normal aging?
Mild cognitive impairment
ExplanationMild cognitive impairment refers to cognitive decline beyond typical age-related changes but not severe enough to be classified as dementia.
#7
Which type of memory is most likely to decline with age?
Episodic memory
ExplanationEpisodic memory, responsible for remembering personal experiences, tends to decline more significantly with age compared to other types of memory.
#8
Which cognitive function tends to remain relatively stable with age?
Long-term memory
ExplanationLong-term memory, responsible for storing past experiences and knowledge, tends to be relatively stable compared to other cognitive functions in aging adults.
#9
What is the term for the phenomenon where older adults focus on positive aspects of life and avoid negativity?
Positivity effect
ExplanationThe positivity effect refers to the tendency of older adults to prioritize positive information and memories over negative ones.
#10
What is the term for the cognitive decline that is considered more severe than normal age-related decline but less severe than dementia?
Mild cognitive impairment
ExplanationMild cognitive impairment refers to cognitive decline that is more significant than typical age-related changes but not severe enough to be classified as dementia.
#11
What lifestyle factor has been associated with better cognitive aging?
Regular physical exercise
ExplanationRegular physical exercise has been linked to improved cognitive function and reduced risk of cognitive decline in aging adults.
#12
Which neurotransmitter is often linked to age-related cognitive decline?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationDecreased levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory, are associated with age-related cognitive decline.
#13
Which cognitive ability involves the capacity to understand and manage one's own emotions?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationEmotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive, understand, and manage one's own emotions as well as those of others.
#14
What is the term for the protective effect that engaging in mentally stimulating activities has on cognitive decline?
Cognitive reserve
ExplanationCognitive reserve refers to the brain's ability to maintain normal cognitive function despite age-related changes, often enhanced by engaging in mentally stimulating activities.
#15
What is the term for the ability to generate novel and valuable ideas?
Divergent thinking
ExplanationDivergent thinking involves the ability to explore multiple possible solutions or ideas, often used in problem-solving and creativity.