#1
Which theorist is associated with the psychosocial stages of development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErikson developed the theory of psychosocial stages, emphasizing the importance of social interactions throughout life.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing mate selection in adulthood?
Early childhood experiences
ExplanationAlthough early experiences can shape preferences, they are not typically direct determinants of mate selection in adulthood.
#3
What is the term for the adjustment period when parents experience feelings of sadness and emptiness when their children leave home?
Empty nest syndrome
ExplanationEmpty nest syndrome refers to the emotional distress parents may experience when their children move out of the family home, leaving behind a sense of loss and transition.
#4
Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits commonly studied in adulthood?
Intuitiveness
ExplanationThe Big Five personality traits include openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, but intuitiveness is not considered one of these fundamental dimensions.
#5
What is the term for the stage in Erikson's theory where adults seek to form intimate, loving relationships with other people?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
ExplanationIn this stage, individuals strive to establish meaningful connections while avoiding feelings of loneliness and isolation.
#6
According to Levinson's theory, what is the term for the stage where middle-aged adults seek to achieve a new sense of self, either reconciling with earlier dreams and goals or redefining them?
The Age of Mastery
ExplanationThis stage is marked by a focus on personal fulfillment and growth, often involving reflection on past experiences and aspirations.
#7
In Sternberg's triangular theory of love, what are the three components of love?
Intimacy, commitment, and passion
ExplanationSternberg's theory posits that love consists of intimacy (emotional connection), commitment (decision to maintain the relationship), and passion (physical attraction).
#8
What is the term for the phenomenon where married couples become more similar to each other over time?
Marital convergence
ExplanationMarital convergence refers to the tendency for partners to adopt each other's behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes over the course of their relationship.
#9
According to Carstensen's socioemotional selectivity theory, what tends to happen to the social networks of older adults?
They shrink, focusing on more emotionally meaningful relationships
ExplanationOlder adults prioritize emotionally significant relationships, leading to a reduction in the size of their social circles but an increase in the quality of connections.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a common issue faced by couples in midlife according to the developmental theory of couples?
Decreased intimacy
ExplanationWhile challenges in midlife relationships may arise, decreased intimacy is not typically a universal issue, as many couples maintain or even deepen their emotional connection.
#11
What is a common challenge faced by older adults in the integrity vs. despair stage according to Erikson's theory?
Sense of regret and unfulfilled life
ExplanationDuring this stage, individuals may grapple with feelings of dissatisfaction and disappointment over unmet goals and unrealized potentials.