#1
What is the term for the cognitive decline commonly associated with aging?
Dementia
ExplanationRefers to a decline in cognitive function affecting memory, thinking, and behavior.
#2
What is the term for the loss of muscle mass and strength associated with aging?
Sarcopenia
ExplanationResults in decreased physical function and increased frailty.
#3
What is the term for the study of death, dying, and bereavement?
Thanatology
ExplanationExplores psychological and social aspects of mortality.
#4
What is the term for the prejudice or discrimination against older adults?
Ageism
ExplanationInvolves stereotypes and mistreatment based on age.
#5
Which of the following is a risk factor for social isolation among older adults?
Being widowed
ExplanationLoss of a spouse can lead to increased social isolation.
#6
What is the term for the study of psychological changes that occur in adulthood and old age?
Adult development
ExplanationFocuses on changes in behavior, cognition, and emotions across the lifespan.
#7
Which of the following is a major theoretical perspective in adult development and aging?
Ecological systems theory
ExplanationExamines how individuals interact with various environmental systems.
#8
According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what is the major conflict in the stage of generativity versus stagnation?
Generativity versus stagnation
ExplanationInvolves concerns for contributing to society versus feelings of personal failure.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of successful aging?
Withdrawal from social interactions
ExplanationSuccessful aging involves staying socially connected and engaged.
#10
Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for cognitive decline in old age?
High educational attainment
ExplanationHigher education is typically associated with cognitive reserve and resilience.
#11
What is the term for the concept that individuals select environments that complement their personality?
Person-environment fit
ExplanationAddresses the interaction between individuals and their surroundings.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a psychological adjustment commonly associated with retirement?
Decreased sense of purpose
ExplanationRetirement often leads to new pursuits and activities.
#13
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the physical changes associated with aging in both men and women?
Estrogen
ExplanationMainly regulates reproductive functions in females.
#14
What is the term for the theory that suggests older adults prioritize emotional satisfaction and regulate their social networks to maximize positive experiences?
Socioemotional selectivity theory
ExplanationEmphasizes the importance of emotional goals in aging.
#15
At what age does the brain typically reach its peak in terms of processing speed and memory?
30s
ExplanationBrain function generally peaks in the late 20s to early 30s.
#16
Which of the following statements is true regarding sibling relationships in late adulthood?
Sibling relationships tend to become more supportive with age.
ExplanationTypically characterized by increased closeness and assistance.
#17
What is the term for the concept that older adults may become more selective in their social networks, focusing on quality over quantity?
Social pruning
ExplanationInvolves prioritizing meaningful relationships.
#18
According to research, which type of memory tends to decline the least with age?
Semantic memory
ExplanationInvolves memory for facts and general knowledge.