#1
Which of the following is a normal pH value of arterial blood?
7.35 - 7.45
ExplanationNormal pH range for arterial blood.
#2
Which organ primarily regulates acid-base balance in the body?
Kidneys
ExplanationKidneys are the primary regulators of acid-base balance.
#3
Which condition is characterized by a pH below 7.35 in the blood?
Respiratory acidosis
ExplanationRespiratory acidosis is characterized by low blood pH.
#4
Which of the following can cause metabolic acidosis?
Diarrhea
ExplanationDiarrhea can lead to metabolic acidosis.
#5
Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?
Increased respiratory rate
ExplanationIncreased respiratory rate compensates for metabolic acidosis.
#6
Which buffer system primarily operates in the intracellular fluid (ICF)?
Protein buffer system
ExplanationProtein buffer system operates in the intracellular fluid.
#7
Which of the following is a characteristic of respiratory acidosis?
Hypoventilation
ExplanationRespiratory acidosis is characterized by hypoventilation.
#8
Which condition may result from prolonged vomiting or overuse of diuretics?
Metabolic alkalosis
ExplanationProlonged vomiting or diuretics can cause metabolic alkalosis.
#9
Which condition may be caused by prolonged hyperventilation?
Respiratory alkalosis
ExplanationProlonged hyperventilation can cause respiratory alkalosis.
#10
Which acid-base disorder may result from aspirin overdose?
Metabolic acidosis
ExplanationAspirin overdose can lead to metabolic acidosis.
#11
Which acid-base disorder is associated with increased hydrogen ion secretion by the kidneys?
Metabolic alkalosis
ExplanationIncreased hydrogen ion secretion by kidneys can cause metabolic alkalosis.
#12
Which condition may result from prolonged diarrhea?
Metabolic acidosis
ExplanationProlonged diarrhea can lead to metabolic acidosis.