#1
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) followed by ritualistic behaviors (compulsions)
ExplanationOCD involves persistent intrusive thoughts followed by repetitive actions.
#2
What is the primary symptom of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking
ExplanationSchizophrenia is characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and cognitive disorganization.
#3
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where a person experiences multiple distinct identities or personalities?
Dissociative identity disorder (DID)
ExplanationDID involves the presence of multiple distinct identities or personality states.
#4
What neurotransmitter is often associated with mood regulation and is commonly implicated in depression?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin is linked to mood regulation and is often implicated in depression.
#5
Which of the following is a symptom of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)?
Excessive need for admiration and lack of empathy
ExplanationNPD involves a lack of empathy and an excessive need for admiration.
#6
What is the primary treatment approach for borderline personality disorder (BPD)?
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
ExplanationDBT is the primary therapy used for BPD, focusing on emotion regulation and interpersonal skills.
#7
What is the primary characteristic of a somatic symptom disorder?
Experiencing physical symptoms that cannot be explained by medical conditions
ExplanationSomatic symptom disorder involves physical symptoms without medical explanation.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a type of anxiety disorder?
Bipolar disorder
ExplanationBipolar disorder is a mood disorder, not an anxiety disorder.
#9
What is the main difference between a delusion and a hallucination in terms of abnormal psychology?
Delusions involve false beliefs, while hallucinations involve false sensory perceptions.
ExplanationDelusions are false beliefs, whereas hallucinations involve false sensory experiences.
#10
Which of the following is a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Persistent flashbacks and nightmares about a traumatic event
ExplanationPTSD commonly involves re-experiencing traumatic events through flashbacks and nightmares.
#11
What is anosognosia?
A defense mechanism involving the refusal to acknowledge one's illness or impairments
ExplanationAnosognosia is a defense mechanism where individuals deny their own illness or impairments.
#12
Which of the following is a common symptom of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults?
Impulsivity and difficulty in concentrating
ExplanationADHD in adults often presents with impulsivity and difficulty concentrating.
#13
What is the primary characteristic of avoidant personality disorder (AvPD)?
Persistent avoidance of social situations due to fear of rejection
ExplanationAvPD involves avoiding social situations due to fear of criticism or rejection.
#14
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of narcissistic personality disorder?
A pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
ExplanationNPD involves grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.
#15
According to the DSM-5, what is the duration criteria for diagnosing a major depressive episode?
At least 2 weeks
ExplanationA major depressive episode lasts for at least two weeks.
#16
Which of the following statements about bipolar disorder is accurate?
Bipolar disorder is characterized by rapid mood swings from extreme happiness to extreme sadness.
ExplanationBipolar disorder involves cycling between episodes of extreme mood states.
#17
What is the primary difference between a phobia and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Phobias are characterized by avoidance of specific triggers, while GAD involves persistent, uncontrollable worry about various aspects of life.
ExplanationPhobias involve specific triggers, while GAD involves generalized worry.
#18
What is a common treatment approach for borderline personality disorder?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
ExplanationCBT is commonly used to address maladaptive thoughts and behaviors in BPD.
#19
Which of the following is a characteristic of schizotypal personality disorder?
Odd beliefs or magical thinking and eccentric behavior
ExplanationSchizotypal personality disorder involves odd beliefs and eccentric behavior.