#1
Which of the following types of vaccines contains live, weakened viruses?
Live attenuated vaccines
ExplanationThey introduce live, weakened viruses into the body.
#2
What is the primary mechanism of action of inactivated vaccines?
They contain killed pathogens to induce an immune response
ExplanationInactivated vaccines use killed pathogens to trigger an immune response.
#3
What is the primary mechanism of action of live attenuated vaccines?
They introduce live, weakened viruses into the body
ExplanationLive attenuated vaccines introduce weakened viruses into the body.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a subunit vaccine?
Hepatitis B vaccine
ExplanationSubunit vaccines contain purified components of pathogens; Hepatitis B vaccine is an example.
#5
What is the purpose of adjuvants in some vaccines?
To enhance the immune response to the vaccine
ExplanationAdjuvants are added to some vaccines to boost the immune response.
#6
What is the mechanism of action of toxoid vaccines?
They induce an immune response to toxins produced by pathogens
ExplanationToxoid vaccines stimulate an immune response to toxins released by pathogens.
#7
What is an example of a vaccine adjuvant commonly used in vaccines?
Aluminum salts
ExplanationAluminum salts are a common adjuvant used in vaccines to enhance their effectiveness.
#8
Which type of vaccine requires a booster dose to maintain immunity?
Toxoid vaccine
ExplanationToxoid vaccines may need booster doses to sustain immunity.
#9
Which type of vaccine is typically used for the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis?
Live attenuated vaccine
ExplanationThe BCG vaccine against tuberculosis is a live attenuated vaccine.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of mRNA vaccines?
They use synthetic mRNA to produce an immune response
ExplanationmRNA vaccines utilize synthetic mRNA to trigger an immune response.
#11
What is a potential advantage of DNA vaccines?
They can be produced quickly in response to new pathogens
ExplanationDNA vaccines can be rapidly produced in response to emerging pathogens.
#12
What is a characteristic of polysaccharide vaccines?
They typically require multiple doses to induce immunity
ExplanationPolysaccharide vaccines often need multiple doses to establish immunity.
#13
Which of the following is a characteristic of recombinant vector vaccines?
They use a harmless virus or bacterium to deliver genetic material from the pathogen
ExplanationRecombinant vector vaccines utilize a harmless vector to deliver genetic material from the pathogen.