#1
Which hormone is commonly associated with the body's stress response?
Cortisol
ExplanationCortisol is the primary stress hormone released in response to stress, influencing various body functions.
#2
Chronic stress can contribute to which of the following health issues?
Cardiovascular disease
ExplanationLong-term stress is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to its impact on the cardiovascular system.
#3
How does acute stress differ from chronic stress?
Acute stress is short-term and often more intense
ExplanationAcute stress is brief and intense, while chronic stress is prolonged and persistent.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a physical symptom of stress?
Lower blood pressure
ExplanationStress typically elevates blood pressure; lower blood pressure is not a common physical symptom of stress.
#5
Which type of stress is considered beneficial and can improve performance and motivation?
Eustress
ExplanationEustress is positive stress that can enhance motivation and performance.
#6
Which of the following lifestyle changes is LEAST likely to reduce stress levels?
Increasing caffeine intake
ExplanationIncreasing caffeine intake is likely to exacerbate stress, not reduce it.
#7
What is the name of the physiological system that gets activated during stress, involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands?
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
ExplanationThe HPA axis is a key stress response system, coordinating hormonal release to manage stress.
#8
Which psychological technique is NOT commonly used to manage stress?
High-intensity interval training
ExplanationHigh-intensity interval training is a physical exercise method, not a psychological technique for stress management.
#9
Stress can exacerbate which of the following mental health conditions?
All of the above
ExplanationStress can worsen various mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and PTSD.
#10
What role does the amygdala play in the stress response?
It detects threats and triggers a fear response
ExplanationThe amygdala is involved in detecting threats and initiating the body's fear response during stress.
#11
What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system in stress response?
To facilitate the body's rest and digest response
ExplanationThe parasympathetic nervous system promotes relaxation and the body's rest and digest response during stress.
#12
How does stress typically affect the immune system in the short term?
It temporarily boosts it, potentially improving response to vaccines
ExplanationShort-term stress can temporarily boost the immune system, potentially enhancing the response to vaccines.
#13
According to research, how does stress affect neuroplasticity in the brain?
It reduces neuroplasticity and the ability to form new neural connections
ExplanationStress has been shown to hinder neuroplasticity, impacting the brain's capacity for forming new connections.
#14
Which of the following is a long-term effect of cortisol exposure due to chronic stress?
Memory and concentration impairment
ExplanationChronic exposure to cortisol, a stress hormone, can lead to long-term memory and concentration problems.
#15
According to the transactional model of stress and coping, what determines an individual's stress level?
The balance between perceived demands and perceived resources
ExplanationAn individual's stress level is determined by the balance between perceived demands and available resources, according to the transactional model of stress and coping.
#16
The term 'allostatic load' refers to:
The physical toll on the body due to chronic exposure to fluctuating or heightened neural or neuroendocrine response
ExplanationAllostatic load is the cumulative physical toll on the body from chronic exposure to heightened or fluctuating neural and neuroendocrine responses.
#17
Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between stress and heart disease?
Stress can contribute to heart disease indirectly, such as by influencing behaviors and factors like high blood pressure and cholesterol levels
ExplanationStress can indirectly contribute to heart disease by influencing behaviors and factors like high blood pressure and cholesterol levels.