#1
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of REM sleep?
Deep relaxation
ExplanationREM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movement, increased brain activity, and muscle paralysis, not deep relaxation.
#2
What is the primary function of sleep?
Consolidating memories
ExplanationSleep primarily serves to consolidate memories and facilitate learning processes.
#3
Which hormone is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
Melatonin
ExplanationMelatonin is the hormone responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle, influenced by light and darkness.
#4
What is the term for the awareness of one's own thoughts, feelings, and sensations?
Consciousness
ExplanationConsciousness refers to the awareness of one's own thoughts, feelings, and sensations, encompassing wakefulness and awareness.
#5
Which neurotransmitter is associated with wakefulness and alertness?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine is a neurotransmitter linked to wakefulness, alertness, and attention.
#6
What term describes a temporary cessation of breathing during sleep?
Apnea
ExplanationApnea refers to a temporary cessation of breathing during sleep, often associated with sleep disorders.
#7
What is the term for the state of consciousness between wakefulness and sleep?
Hypnagogia
ExplanationHypnagogia is the transitional state between wakefulness and sleep, often accompanied by hallucinations.
#8
What is a characteristic feature of the hypnagogic state?
Visual hallucinations
ExplanationVisual hallucinations are a common feature of the hypnagogic state, occurring during the transition to sleep.
#9
Which brainwave pattern is typically associated with deep sleep?
Theta waves
ExplanationTheta waves are characteristic brainwave patterns associated with deep sleep stages.
#10
Which part of the brain is responsible for generating and maintaining REM sleep?
Pons
ExplanationThe pons, a region in the brainstem, is responsible for generating and maintaining REM sleep.
#11
Which neurotransmitter is associated with the regulation of REM sleep?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine is the neurotransmitter associated with the regulation of REM sleep, promoting its onset and maintenance.
#12
Which brain structure is involved in regulating the circadian rhythm?
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
ExplanationThe suprachiasmatic nucleus, located in the hypothalamus, is involved in regulating the circadian rhythm, coordinating biological processes with the day-night cycle.