#1
Which of the following is not a primary step in the scientific method?
Conclusion
ExplanationConcluding is not a primary step; it's the result of the scientific process.
#2
Which scientific tool is commonly used to magnify and observe tiny objects?
Microscope
ExplanationMicroscope magnifies objects for detailed observation.
#3
In the scientific method, what comes after forming a hypothesis?
Experimentation
ExplanationExperimentation tests the validity of the hypothesis.
#4
Which branch of science is concerned with the study of fossils?
Paleontology
ExplanationPaleontology studies fossils to understand past life forms.
#5
Which scientific discipline involves the study of the human mind and behavior?
Psychology
ExplanationPsychology investigates mental processes and behaviors.
#6
Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research method?
Survey
ExplanationSurveys collect numerical data to analyze trends and patterns.
#7
Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic of empirical research?
Rigorous collection and analysis of data
ExplanationEmpirical research relies on systematic data collection and analysis.
#8
What is the role of a control group in a scientific experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison
ExplanationControl group sets a standard for comparison against the experimental group.
#9
In which scientific discipline would you study the Earth's atmosphere and weather patterns?
Meteorology
ExplanationMeteorology focuses on the study of weather phenomena.
#10
What is the purpose of a control variable in an experiment?
To provide a constant baseline
ExplanationControl variables maintain consistency in experimental conditions.
#11
Which scientific discipline focuses on the study of the structure and behavior of matter?
Physics
ExplanationPhysics investigates the fundamental properties of matter.
#12
What is the primary goal of a controlled experiment?
To test a hypothesis by changing one variable at a time
ExplanationControlled experiments isolate variables to determine their effects.
#13
Which scientific method involves gathering information, forming a hypothesis, and making predictions based on the hypothesis?
Deductive reasoning
ExplanationDeductive reasoning starts with general principles to form specific predictions.
#14
What is the key characteristic of a well-designed scientific experiment?
Simplicity
ExplanationWell-designed experiments are straightforward and focused.
#15
What is the purpose of peer review in scientific research?
To ensure accuracy and validity
ExplanationPeer review validates research by subjecting it to scrutiny from experts.
#16
What is the purpose of a double-blind study in experimental research?
To ensure the participants are unaware of the experimental conditions
ExplanationDouble-blind studies prevent bias by keeping both participants and researchers unaware of the conditions.
#17
In the context of scientific inquiry, what is the purpose of statistical analysis?
To determine the probability of obtaining results by chance
ExplanationStatistical analysis evaluates the likelihood of results occurring randomly.
#18
What is the purpose of a literature review in scientific research?
To summarize previous research on the topic
ExplanationLiterature reviews provide a comprehensive overview of existing research.
#19
In the context of research ethics, what does the acronym IRB stand for?
Internal Review Board
ExplanationIRBs ensure ethical standards in research involving human participants.
#20
What is the primary purpose of a scientific theory?
To explain a wide range of phenomena
ExplanationScientific theories provide explanations for diverse natural phenomena.
#21
In the context of experimental design, what is the difference between random assignment and random sampling?
Random assignment assigns participants to groups, while random sampling selects participants from the population.
ExplanationRandom assignment controls for individual differences; random sampling ensures representativeness.