#1
Which structure is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?
Alveoli
ExplanationAir sacs where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide leaves.
#2
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To transport oxygen to cells
ExplanationTo provide oxygen to the body's cells and remove carbon dioxide waste.
#3
Which respiratory disorder is characterized by the destruction of alveoli?
Emphysema
ExplanationA condition where lung tissue is damaged, leading to difficulty in breathing.
#4
What is the term for the process of exchanging gases between the blood and the tissues?
Internal respiration
ExplanationThe exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and body tissues.
#5
Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and aids in respiration?
Diaphragm
ExplanationThe diaphragm contracts and relaxes to facilitate breathing and separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
#6
Which of the following is not a part of the upper respiratory tract?
Trachea
ExplanationThe trachea belongs to the lower respiratory tract, not the upper.
#7
What is the term for the process of breathing out air from the lungs?
Expiration
ExplanationThe act of exhaling air from the lungs.
#8
Which of the following is not a respiratory volume or capacity?
Minute ventilation
ExplanationMinute ventilation is the total volume of air breathed in one minute, not a specific respiratory volume.
#9
What is the primary gas exchanged in the alveoli during respiration?
Oxygen
ExplanationOxygen moves from the alveoli into the bloodstream during inhalation.
#10
Which gas is primarily responsible for the regulation of breathing rate?
Carbon dioxide
ExplanationElevated levels of carbon dioxide in the blood trigger increased breathing rate.
#11
Which muscle is primarily responsible for the movement of air into and out of the lungs?
Diaphragm
ExplanationA dome-shaped muscle that contracts and relaxes to control breathing.
#12
Which of the following is a symptom of hyperventilation?
Lightheadedness
ExplanationExcessive breathing can lead to decreased carbon dioxide levels, causing dizziness or lightheadedness.
#13
Which of the following is a function of the mucous membrane in the respiratory system?
Warming and humidifying air
ExplanationThe mucous membrane lines the respiratory tract and helps moisten and warm inhaled air.
#14
Which of the following is a condition characterized by the collapse of all or part of the lung?
Pneumothorax
ExplanationThe presence of air in the pleural space, causing lung collapse.