#1
What does DRY stand for in software development?
Don't Repeat Yourself
ExplanationDRY: Don't Repeat Yourself.
#2
What is the purpose of version control systems like Git?
To track changes in code and collaborate with others.
ExplanationGit: Track code changes and enable collaboration.
#3
What is an API (Application Programming Interface) used for?
To allow different software systems to communicate with each other.
ExplanationAPI: Enable communication between software systems.
#4
What is the purpose of a constructor in object-oriented programming?
To initialize an object's state when it is created.
ExplanationConstructor: Initialize object state on creation.
#5
What is the purpose of exception handling in programming?
To handle unexpected situations that arise during program execution.
ExplanationException handling: Manage unexpected situations in execution.
#6
What does the term 'agile methodology' refer to in software development?
A software development approach that focuses on iterative development, collaboration, and customer feedback.
ExplanationAgile methodology: Iterative development, collaboration, customer feedback.
#7
What is the Big O notation used for in computer science?
To represent the efficiency of algorithms in terms of their time or space complexity.
ExplanationBig O notation: Represent algorithm efficiency in time or space.
#8
What is the difference between procedural and object-oriented programming?
Procedural programming focuses on functions, while object-oriented programming focuses on objects and classes.
ExplanationProcedural: Functions; Object-oriented: Objects and classes.
#9
What is a design pattern in software development?
It is a reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem within a given context in software design.
ExplanationDesign pattern: Reusable solution to common software problems.
#10
What is the difference between compile-time and runtime errors?
Compile-time errors occur during program compilation, while runtime errors occur during program execution.
ExplanationCompile-time: During compilation; Runtime: During execution.
#11
What is the purpose of unit testing in software development?
To test individual units or components of the software.
ExplanationUnit testing: Test individual software units or components.
#12
What is the purpose of a software framework?
To provide a foundation of pre-written code and libraries for developing software applications.
ExplanationFramework: Foundation for developing software applications.
#13
What does the term 'scalability' refer to in software development?
The ability of a software system to handle increasing amounts of work or users.
ExplanationScalability: Handle increasing workload or users.
#14
What is a lambda function in programming?
A function defined anonymously and usually for short-term use.
ExplanationLambda function: Anonymous, short-term use.
#15
What is the purpose of a package manager in software development?
To organize and distribute reusable code libraries and dependencies.
ExplanationPackage manager: Organize and distribute code libraries and dependencies.
#16
What is the difference between static and dynamic typing in programming languages?
Static typing requires explicit declaration of variable types, while dynamic typing does not.
ExplanationStatic typing: Explicit variable types; Dynamic typing: No explicit types.
#17
What is a callback function in programming?
A function that is passed as an argument to another function and is executed after a certain event occurs.
ExplanationCallback function: Passed as argument, executed on event.
#18
What is the purpose of the 'this' keyword in object-oriented programming?
To refer to a specific instance of the current class.
Explanation'this' keyword: Refer to current class instance.
#19
What is the difference between a stack and a queue in data structures?
A stack follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, while a queue follows the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) principle.
ExplanationStack: LIFO; Queue: FIFO.
#20
What is the purpose of the 'super' keyword in object-oriented programming?
To access the parent class constructor or methods from within a subclass.
Explanation'super' keyword: Access parent class constructor or methods from subclass.
#21
What is polymorphism in object-oriented programming?
The ability of a function to perform different actions based on the object's type.
ExplanationPolymorphism: Function adapts to different object types.
#22
What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous programming?
Synchronous programming executes tasks sequentially, while asynchronous programming executes tasks concurrently.
ExplanationSynchronous: Sequential execution; Asynchronous: Concurrent execution.
#23
What is the difference between functional and imperative programming?
Functional programming focuses on writing functions as mathematical equations, while imperative programming focuses on describing the steps to solve a problem.
ExplanationFunctional: Functions as equations; Imperative: Steps to solve a problem.
#24
What is a SQL injection attack?
An attack where a hacker injects malicious code into a database query.
ExplanationSQL injection attack: Inject malicious code into database query.
#25
What is the purpose of memoization in computer science?
To store intermediate results of expensive function calls and reuse them to avoid redundant computations.
ExplanationMemoization: Store intermediate results, avoid redundant computations.