#1
Which of the following is NOT a stage of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change?
Motivation
ExplanationTTM stages: Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance.
#2
According to the Fogg Behavior Model, which of the following is a factor that influences behavior change?
All of the above
ExplanationFactors: Motivation, Ability, Trigger.
#3
In the context of behavior change, what does the term 'self-monitoring' refer to?
Monitoring one's own behavior and related variables
ExplanationTracking and observing personal behavior and relevant factors.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Health Belief Model?
Perceived efficacy
ExplanationComponents: Perceived susceptibility, Severity, Benefits, Barriers, Cues to action.
#5
Which of the following is a key principle of the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) of behavior change?
Intrinsic motivation
ExplanationEmphasizes intrinsic motivation and autonomy in behavior change.
#6
Which theory of behavior change emphasizes the importance of self-efficacy in determining behavior?
Social Cognitive Theory
ExplanationEmphasizes self-efficacy in understanding and predicting behavior.
#7
What does the acronym SMART stand for in the context of goal-setting for behavior change?
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound
ExplanationGuidelines for effective goal-setting.
#8
What is the main focus of the Theory of Planned Behavior?
All of the above
ExplanationFocuses on attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control in predicting intentions and behaviors.
#9
Which of the following techniques is associated with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
Thought restructuring
ExplanationTechnique involving changing negative thought patterns.
#10
Which model suggests that behavior change is influenced by an interaction between individual factors, environmental factors, and behavior?
Ecological Model
ExplanationConsiders the interaction of individual, environmental, and behavioral factors.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a strategy used in Motivational Interviewing?
Providing Advice
ExplanationStrategies: Open-ended questions, Reflective listening, Affirmations, Summarizations (OARS).
#12
According to the Stages of Change Model, which stage represents the point at which an individual has maintained the desired behavior change for an extended period?
Maintenance
ExplanationStages: Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance.
#13
What is the main focus of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion?
The central and peripheral routes to persuasion
ExplanationFocuses on the two routes to persuasion: Central (deep processing) and Peripheral (shallow processing).
#14
What is the main focus of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)?
The influence of social norms and attitudes on behavior
ExplanationFocuses on the role of social norms and attitudes in predicting behavior.
#15
What is the central concept of the Dual Process Theory of behavior change?
The distinction between automatic and controlled processes
ExplanationFocuses on the interplay between automatic and controlled cognitive processes.