#1
What international organization was established in 1945 to promote peace and cooperation among nations?
United Nations
ExplanationGlobal organization tasked with maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, and promoting social progress, better living standards, and human rights.
#2
What was the primary goal of the Marshall Plan, introduced by the United States in 1948?
Economic recovery of European countries
ExplanationUS initiative to aid Western Europe's economic reconstruction after World War II.
#3
What was the primary purpose of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) when it was established in 1949?
Military defense against Soviet aggression
ExplanationCollective defense alliance formed by Western nations to counter potential Soviet expansionism in Europe.
#4
During the 1970s, which policy aimed to improve relations between the United States and the Soviet Union?
Detente
ExplanationStrategic relaxation of tensions between the US and USSR, marked by diplomatic, economic, and cultural exchanges.
#5
Which term describes the easing of hostilities and tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union during the 1970s?
Detente
ExplanationPeriod of improved relations and reduced confrontation between the two Cold War adversaries, characterized by arms control agreements and diplomatic initiatives.
#6
Which alliance emerged during the Cold War as a counterbalance to NATO?
Warsaw Pact
ExplanationMilitary alliance of communist states in Eastern Europe led by the Soviet Union.
#7
Which country was divided into North and South after the Korean War (1950-1953)?
Korea
ExplanationDivision of the Korean peninsula into communist North Korea and democratic South Korea.
#8
Which event marked the end of the Cold War?
Fall of the Berlin Wall
ExplanationSymbolic collapse of the barrier dividing East and West Berlin, signifying the end of communist rule in Eastern Europe.
#9
What is the significance of the 1957 Treaty of Rome?
Formation of the European Union
ExplanationFoundational agreement that laid the groundwork for the eventual establishment of the European Union, fostering economic integration and cooperation among European nations.
#10
What was the goal of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), proposed by the United States in the 1980s?
Development of a missile defense system
ExplanationAmbitious program aimed at creating a defensive shield against potential ballistic missile attacks, particularly from the Soviet Union.
#11
Who were the leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962?
John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev
ExplanationUS President and Soviet Premier involved in the tense standoff over Soviet missile deployment in Cuba.
#12
Which two superpowers were involved in the arms race during the Cold War?
United States and Soviet Union
ExplanationRivalry between the world's two foremost military powers, characterized by the development and stockpiling of nuclear weapons.
#13
Which country was the first to launch a satellite, Sputnik 1, into space during the Cold War?
Soviet Union
ExplanationLandmark achievement in space exploration, demonstrating Soviet technological prowess and sparking the space race with the US.
#14
What was the outcome of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Soviet withdrawal of missiles from Cuba
ExplanationResolution of a high-stakes confrontation between the US and USSR, culminating in the removal of Soviet nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for US assurances not to invade the island.
#15
Which country was not a member of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War?
Yugoslavia
ExplanationNon-aligned nation in Eastern Europe that maintained independence from both NATO and the Warsaw Pact.