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Pharmacological Interventions and Patient Monitoring Quiz

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#1

Which of the following is an example of a beta-blocker commonly used in cardiovascular conditions?

Metoprolol
Explanation

Cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist.

#2

Which parameter is primarily monitored to assess kidney function?

Serum creatinine levels
Explanation

Indicator of renal excretory function.

#3

Which of the following drugs is commonly used to treat asthma by relaxing bronchial smooth muscles?

Albuterol
Explanation

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist.

#4

What is the primary function of statin medications?

Reducing cholesterol levels
Explanation

Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase to lower cholesterol synthesis.

#5

Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Omeprazole
Explanation

Proton pump inhibitor that reduces gastric acid secretion.

#6

What is the primary action of loop diuretics such as furosemide?

Inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle
Explanation

Promotes diuresis by blocking sodium reabsorption.

#7

Which of the following drugs is classified as an opioid analgesic?

Morphine
Explanation

Potent agonist at mu-opioid receptors.

#8

What is the mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin
Explanation

Increases serotonin concentration in synaptic clefts.

#9

Which of the following anticoagulants works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors?

Warfarin
Explanation

Interferes with synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.

#10

What is the main indication for the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

Hypertension
Explanation

Lowers blood pressure by inhibiting angiotensin II conversion.

#11

Which of the following is a potential side effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Hyperkalemia
Explanation

Can lead to elevated potassium levels.

#12

What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) in treating hypertension?

Blocking calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells
Explanation

Reduces vascular smooth muscle contractility by inhibiting calcium entry.

#13

Which of the following is a potential side effect of long-term corticosteroid use?

Osteoporosis
Explanation

Causes bone density loss.

#14

Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

Lithium
Explanation

Stabilizes mood by affecting neurotransmitter balance.

#15

Which of the following medications is used for the prevention of migraine headaches?

Topiramate
Explanation

Anticonvulsant that modulates neurotransmitter release.

#16

Which of the following medications is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used for the treatment of depression?

Venlafaxine
Explanation

Inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake.

#17

Which of the following medications is commonly used as a first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Sertraline
Explanation

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with anxiolytic effects.

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